1. Infection Control Sports Medicine I Ms. Bowman

2. Bloodborne pathogens Definition: pathogenic microorganisms that can potentially cause disease Transmitted through Human blood Semen Vaginal secretions Cerebrospinal fluid Synovial fluid Any other fluid contaminated with blood 3 most significant bloodborne pathogens Hepatits B Virus (HBV) Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

3. Bloodborne Pathogens in Athletics Chances of transmission during competition is low Actually no documented cases of transmission in sports Sports that have a potentially higher risk of transmission are those where players have close physical contact and possible direct contact with blood of an opponent Martial arts Wrestling Boxing Still, the chances of transmission in these sports are low

4. Universal Precautions This refers to the practices involved in avoiding contact and transmission of the bodily fluids of patients. Include wearing personal protective equipment when handling bodily fluids All bodily fluids that can transmit diseases should be considered potentially infectious *All blood is infected blood*

5. Universal Precautions- A few guidelines All open wounds should be covered before practice/competition Active bleeders must be removed from competition and cannot return to play until bleeding is controlled Clothing that is soiled with blood must either be cleaned (if possible) or removed Gloves and other necessary personal protective equipment must be worn when handling bodily fluids

6. Skin Wounds Wound: trauma to tissues that causes a break in the continuity of that tissue Types: Abrasions-top layer of skin is scraped away Laceration-occur when a sharp or pointed object tears the tissues, giving a wound the appearance of a jagged-edge Incision-wounds with smooth edges Puncture-direct penetration of tissues by a pointed object Avulsion-skin is torn away from the body (a chunk)

7. Managing Wounds Immediate care All open wounds must be considered contaminated by microorganisms Must be cleaned with lots of soap and water or sterile saline Dressing should be applied to keep a fresh wound clean. Sterile dressings such as gauze should be used. After drainage has stopped, there is no need for a dressing. Sutures Must be put in as soon as possible. Within 12 hours of injury Required for injuries that are deep, have rough edges, or do not have good approximation of tissues