“Carpetbaggers” Nickname applied by Southern whites to people who migrated South after the Civil War

The “Carpetbagger” Stereotype Click to play!

The Motives of the Carpetbaggers P ower O pportunity W ealth S ervice

Educating Freedmen and Women Although many carpetbaggers went South to seek fortune and political office, many went South to educate freedmen and women. Hampton Institute (VA) Late Nineteenth Century Hampton Institute (VA) Late Nineteenth Century

The Republican Coalition in the South “Carpetbaggers” “Scalawags” Freedmen

Resistance to Reconstruction

The (First) Ku Klux Klan Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest, CSA Vigilantism

The Second Ku Klux Klan

The Two Klans “Kompared” The First Ku Klux Klan The Second Ku Klux Klan Time Period Reconstruction1920s Regional Prevalence SouthMidwest, South Purpose Oppose carpetbagger governments Oppose immigration, Catholicism, black migration MethodsIntimidation & Violence

Birth of a Nation Highest grossing silent film EVER Glamorized the KKK – Responsible for rise of Second KKK? (1915)

From Birth of a Nation POTUS

Birth of a Nation (1915) CLIP ONE NOTE: The inclusion of this video footage is for educational purposes and is not intended to endorse the views and perspectives contained therein.

1872 Presidential Election Republican Split – Radicals vs. Moderates Horace Greeley – Liberal Republican party Opposed Radical Reconstruction and government corruption Democrats Back Greeley

You Win. You Die.

Birth of a Nation (1915) CLIP TWO NOTE: The inclusion of this video footage is for educational purposes and is not intended to endorse the views and perspectives contained therein.

Restoration of Southern “Home Rule”

1874 Northern public opinion turns against Radical Reconstruction. Perception of “Colored Rule” and corruption in the South under Carpetbag state governments ns/reconstruction/coloredrule.htm

1874 Congressional Elections U.S. House of Representatives VOTERS REACT TO: Bad Economy Political Corruption Reconstruction Policy

Birth of a Nation (1915) CLIP THREE NOTE: The inclusion of this video footage is for educational purposes and is not intended to endorse the views and perspectives contained therein.

Republican Platform Republican Platform Tilden: 184 Hayes: 166 Disputed: 19 FTW: Democratic Platform Democratic Platform

Compromise of 1877 DISPUTED ELECTION Samuel Tilden (D-NY) Rutherford B. Hayes (R-OH) “Rutherfraud”

“Redeemer” Governments Southern White “Bourbon” Democrats re-assert authority “Solid South” – DEMOCRATIC STRONGHOLD Republican Party a non-entity in Southern politics until the 1960s Gov. Wade Hampton (SC)

The “Solid South” Almost 50 Years Later

The Textile Industry Moves South CHEAP LABOR

But the South was still primarily agricultural. Photo by Martin LaBarMartin LaBar

Photo by stonebirdstonebird

Segregation Photo by Universal PopsUniversal Pops

VOTING RESTRICTIONS New York Historical Society

Literacy Tests Photo by ladytimelessladytimeless

Poll Tax

Photo by Rene BastiaanssenRene Bastiaanssen

Photo by Rene BastiaanssenRene Bastiaanssen If this guy could vote...

Photo by allesokallesok

The Supreme Court and Civil Rights (Late Nineteenth Century) In the late 19 th century, the Supreme Court upheld Jim Crow, as well as restrictions on voting. (Restrictions were not explicitly based on race.) Photo by Joe Gratz

Plessy v. Ferguson Segregation Challenged (1896) Photo by stef_dit_patocstef_dit_patoc

Plessy v. Ferguson SEPARATE BUT EQUAL (1896) Photo by fdfd

The Reality 1904 political cartoon by John T. McCutcheon

OVERTURNED Brown v. Board (1954) Photo by &y&y

“One hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free.”