Riddle It can be anything, and it makes up everything. But it always takes up space and has mass. What it is?

Chemistry 1.1 Matter and Its Changes Chapter 2.1

Chemistry: Definition The study of properties of matter and how it changes

What is Matter? Anything that: Has Mass Takes up Space (volume)

Building Blocks of Matter Elements: Cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means All matter around you is composed of one element or a combination of elements

Building Blocks of Matter - 2 Molecule: 2 or more atoms chemically bonded together, making a new substance Compound: A molecule made of 2 or more elements, making a new substance

Building Blocks of Matter - 3 Mixture: 2 or more substances mixed by not bonded to make a new substance Solution: a well mixed mixture in liquid form (salt water)

Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Homo – means same Hetero – means different Homogeneous mixture is the same everywhere Can’t see individual pieces, can’t filter Heterogeneous mixture is not the same everywhere Different in different places Can see the pieces Can filter usually

Mixing Liquids Miscible two liquids that dissolve in each other. They mix to form a solution Immiscible Two liquids that don’t mix and stay mixed. They may make a suspension, but they don’t make a solution

Changes in Matter - 1 Physical Change: change in form or appearance that does not change the actual substance (ice to water to steam)

Changes in Matter - 2 Chemical Change: substances mix to form new substances with different properties

Observing Chemical Reactions Key Characteristic: production of new materials that are chemically different from the starting materials Gas released Temperature change New solid material Smell etc

Chemical Reactions on a Small Scale ONE (1) particle of an element is an ATOM Molecule – 2 or more atoms combined

Chemical Reactions on a Small Scale Chemical BONDS are the ‘glue’ that holds atoms together Chemical REACTIONS occur when chemical bonds are formed or broken.

Section 1.1 Review Questions 1. How are element, compound, mixture different? Element cannot be broken down. Compound is two or more elements combined chemically. Mixture is 2 or more items that can be physically separated

Section 1.1 Review Questions 2. What forms of evidence show a chemical reaction has take place? New substances are formed, can be seen by color, precipitation, gas released, temperature changes, changes in properties. 3. What happens to chemical bonds in a chemical reaction? Bonds are broken or new bonds may form

Section 1.1 Review Questions 4. What is difference between atom and molecule? 5. Classify changes: for Ice cream, sugar, gasoline, mirror, milk Ice cream melting is physical. Sugar dissolving is physical Gasoline burning is chemical mirror fogging is physical milk souring is chemical Atom is smallest particle of an element. Molecule is combination of 2 or more atoms