 1. What is an indulgence?  2. Who was Martin Luther?  3. What happened to Luther in the Catholic Church?  4. Why did King Henry VIII break off from the Catholic Church?  5. Who did Elizabeth I defeat in 1588? Why was this important?

 The renaissance secular ideas challenged the authority of the church.  The printing press helped spread these secular ideas.

 Merchants grew tired of paying church taxes to Rome.  Leaders resented the pope (felt they were being controlled)

 Popes spent money like A-rod and started beef worse than 50 cent.  Priest and monks were poorly educated.  Married, Gambled, and drink to excess– When in Vegas?

 Christian Humanist criticized the church.  i.e. Desiderius Erasmus and Thomas More  1490s – Girolamo Savonarola preached in Florence until executed for “heresy”.

 Monk  Taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg  In 1517, became public about the sale of indulgences.  October 31, 1517 nailed the 95 theses to the door of the castle church in Wittenberg.

 Eventually wanted a full reform of the church.  3 teachings:  1. Win salvation only through faith in God.  2. Church teachings should only be based on the bible.  3. All people with faith were equal.

 His ideas spread rapidly  Pope Leo X threatened to excommunicate Luther if he did not take back his statements.  Luther refused and he was excommunicated.

 Emperor Charles V put Luther on trial and declared him an outlaw and heretic.  Stated no one was to give him shelter or feed him.  People disobeyed this decree where Luther stayed.  In 1522, Luther returned to Wittenberg and found most people were using his ideas.  They were called Lutherans.

 Priest dressed in ordinary clothes.  They were free to marry.  Led services in German rather than Latin.

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 Put yourself in Martin Luther’s shoes. Think of the fear he had before nailing the 95 theses. Write a paragraph/rap explaining his feelings going up to the church in Wittenberg.