1. Reformation

2. Problems in the Catholic Church  Clergy was uneducated  Church was busy with secular affairs and not doing its spiritual duty  Priests were selling indulgences

3. Early Calls for Reform  John Wycliffe and John Huss- taught that the Bible had more authority than church leaders  Girolamo Savonarola- urged people to give up luxuries

4. Renaissance Ideas  Secular  Individualism  Christian Humanists  Printing Press

5. Who was Martin Luther?  German Monk who was dissatisfied with the church

6. Why was Luther Angry with the Church?  Tetzel was selling indulgences for personal use

7. What Action did He Take?  Nailed his 95 Theses to the castle church in Wittenburg, Germany in 1517

8. What are the Main Ideas of his Teaching?  Salvation through faith alone  Teaching should be based on the Bible  All people are equal before God

9. What was the Pope’s Reaction?  Pope threatened excommunication  Luther burned the decree

10. What did the Holy Roman Emperor do?  Charles V summoned him to trial in the town of Worms  Created the Edict of Worms- Luther declared an outlaw and heretic  Prince of Saxony sheltered Luther  Luther translated the Bible into German  New religious group formed- Lutherans

11. What was the Reaction from the Peasantry?  1524 peasants want an end to serfdom and revolt  Luther does not support the revolt and the princes of Germany massacre 100,000 people

12. Germany at War  Northern German princes supported Luther for political reasons  Other princes signed an agreement to join forces against Luther’s ideas  In reaction, Luther’s supporters signed a protest against the agreement and became Protestants  Charles V declared war against Protestants and won but they didn’t go back to the Catholic Church  1555- Peace of Augsburg- religion of each German state would be decided by its ruler