Why did people want to come to Canada? a) Economic opportunity b) Better standard of living c) More rights and freedoms How did the government assimilate natives? a) Banned cultural functions b) Took away their land c) Residential schools

What were the 7 causes of WWI? 1) Nationalism 2) Alliances 3) Naval rivalries 4) Arms race 5) Russia wanted to expand 6) France wanted Alsace and Loraine back 7) Germany wanted colonies 8) Assassination of Franz Ferdinand 9) Imperialism

What 3 countries were in the Triple Alliance? 1) Germany 2) Italy 3) Austria Hungary What 3 countries were in the Triple Entente? 1) France 2) Britain 3) Russia

Define the following terms:  Nationalism: Pride. The belief that your country is the greatest  Alliances: When countries work together to protect each other  Allies: Countries that are on the same side  Conscription: Forced military service

 Suffrage: The right for women to vote  Trenches: Tunnels, soldiers slept/ate fought here  No Man’s Land: The land between the trenches  Internment: Placing people of the same ethnicity in concentration camps  Idealism: The belief that everything can be resolved in a peaceful way, making everyone happy

 Retribution: Revenge  Treaty: Document/agreement setting the terms of a resolution  War Measures Act: A law allowing the government to arrest/detain/search and deport without warrant or trial

What are the following people known for? Wilfrid Laurier:  Anti-conscription, Liberal, pro-French Woodrow Wilson  President of the USA, 14 points, idealism Franz Ferdinand  Archduke of Austria-Hungary, assassinated

Clifford Sifton:  Minister of immigration Robert Borden  Prime Minister, pro-conscription Sam Hughes  Minister of the militia, organized war effort Arthur Currie  General, led Canadians to Victory at Vimy

8. What was the Conscription Crisis?  There were not enough volunteers  French did not want to join b/c they believed it was an English war, many officers were English 9. How did the conscription crisis divide the nation?  The English wanted conscription, the French did not  English (conservative), French (Liberal) 10. Why did Canada end up in the war?  We decided to follow Britain. They were in charge of our foreign policy 11. How did the Halifax explosion happen?

What are the 3 consequences of Trench Warfare? 1. Trench foot 2. Rats, lice 3. Shell shock 13. How did the Wartime Elections Act help Borden win the election?  Did not allow immigrants to vote?  He allowed women with relatives at war to vote

14. Write a one line explanation for each of the following battles: Ypres: First use of chlorine gas Cambrai: Use of tanks The Somme: Blood bath Passchendaele: muddy, huge loss of life

15. Vimy Ridge  Tactics: Mock ridge to practice  Outcome: Canadian victory  Why is this important for Canada: All Canadians fight under a Canadian General 16. Why did the U.S. not want to join the war?  They thought the war had nothing to do with them

17. Why did they finally join?  1917 – Germans declared unrestricted submarine warfare on trading partners of the Triple Entente

18. Nurses, worked on the home front (ammunitions, factory work) 19. Summarize the plan of Woodrow Wilson (14 points)  Woodrow Wilson – President of US during WWI  “14 points” was a plan for peace, end WWI

1. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at. 2. Freedom of the seas. 3. The removal of all economic barriers, and establishment of equality of trade. 4. Guarantees that national armaments will be reduced. 5. Adjustment of colonial claims, that in determining all such questions of sovereignty, the interests of the people concerned must have equal weight with the claims of the government whose title is to be determined. 6. Russian territory should be evacuated, and Russia welcomed into the society of free nations. 7. Belgium should be evacuated and restored. 8. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored. 9. The frontiers of Italy should be readjusted along clearly recognizable lines of nationality. 10. The peoples of Austria-Hungary should have the freest opportunity to independent development. 11. Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated and restored, Serbia should have free and secure access to the sea, and the relations of the several Balkan states to each other should be determined by friendly counsel, and political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be internationally guaranteed. 12. The Turkish portion of the Ottoman Empire should have a secure sovereignty, but the other nationalities which are under Turkish rule should have an undoubted security of life and an opportunity of independent development, and the Dardanelles should be permanently opened as passage to the ships and commerce of all nations. 13. An independent Polish state should be erected including the territories inhabited by Polish populations, which should have free access to the sea. 14. The League of Nations should be formed.

Treaty of Versailles  Peace treaty that ended WWI  Signed in Versailles (Paris), France  Made Germany accept blame for the war  Made Germany pay reparations  Limited German military  Forced Germany to give territory back to France  This makes Germany upset, embarrassed  Possible cause of WWII