The Enlightenment & Scientific Revolution

Age of Enlightenment - aka (also known as) Age of Reason Enlightenment = rationality ethics knowledge reform

The Scientific Revolution = Ancient ideas of the church challenged by scholars Many scholars persecuted by the Church –Copernicus (Sun not earth at center of universe) –Galileo Galiliei (Telescope, New theories on space) –Issac Newton (Gravity)

Autonomous Rational Individual Dependent Individual Church Monarch Before After The Enlightenment

= period of new ideas thoughts on government, the individual, and society Thomas Hobbes –Social Contract = People must give up some of their rights to a strong ruler –People are born evil

The Enlightenment John Locke –People are born free & equal –Natural Rights (life, liberty, & property –Govt. must protect these rights Baron de Montesquieu –Believed in the seperation of power in govt. –Should have checks and balances

The Enlightenment Jacques Rousseau –People are born free but society corrupts them Mary Wollstonecraft –Equal rights for women / education Voltaire –“I disagree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”

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