1. The Enlightenment  An intellectual movement centered in France and England  Truth based on logical thinking  Criticize society  Attack the Church, the slave trade, government, taxes and war.  Believe in natural law  Powers of the government should be shared by the people

2. The Enlightenment England  Thomas Hobbes - England  Social contract theory  People are selfish and greedy  give up their rights in return for safety  Only government can create a peaceful, orderly society

3. The Enlightenment England  John Locke  People have natural rights  Government exists to protect your rights  NEVER give up your natural rights:  Life, Liberty, and Property  Rulers cannot limit natural rights  People have the right to overthrow their government if it does not protect their rights

5. The Enlightenment France  Baron de Montesquieu  Checks and balances  Separation of powers strengthened England’s government  His ideas are found in the U.S. Constitution

6. The Enlightenment France Voltaire  Against intolerance by the Catholic Church  Supported individual liberty, free speech, thought, religion  Attacked superstition, prejudice, bigotry, oppressive government

7. The Enlightenment  Rousseau  People are born naturally good  Environment, education, and laws corrupt them  Popular sovereignty  Government by the people  Opposed strong government  Mary Wollstonecraft  Equality & women’s rights