SOSC 103D Social Inequality in HK

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Presentation transcript:

SOSC 103D Social Inequality in HK Lecture 3: Theories of inequality

Understanding a Stratification System Historical Approach Comparative Approach Basic Parameters Rigidity (normative closed vs open divisions) Ascriptive Processes (method of status or class placement: ascription vs achievement) Legitimation (justify the stratification system) Forms of Inequality (economic, status, power) Degree of Inequality (comparative level) L3: 13.09.06

Varieties of Stratification System (cont’) L3: 13.09.06

Classical Theories of Stratification Emile Durkheim Karl Marx Max Weber Their perceptions of Industrial Society Their Main Concerns about the Social and Economic Change Their Views on Social Inequality L3: 13.09.06

Theories of Stratification When? Historical context What happen? Social change Economical change What is the problem? How did they perceive the change? What is their value assumptions? What is their main concern? L3: 13.09.06

Emile Durkheim Industrial Society Main Concern Social Inequality Increased complexity Stratification: Division of labour Main Concern Individualism Social integration and social order Moral system Social Inequality Unnatural and temporary condition Eliminated by the strengthened morality L3: 13.09.06

Karl Marx Industrial Society Main Concern Social Inequality Increased productivity and economic surplus Human relationship is a relation of production Capitalist class vs working class Main Concern Class Polarization: Accumulation and Exploitation The Reproduction of stratification Social Inequality Development of Capitalism: Class consciousness and class conflicts Critical and radical - understand it and change it L3: 13.09.06

Max Weber Industrial Society Main Concern Social Inequality Technology, Science, Rationality Rational form of organization – Bureaucracy Main Concern Iron Cage – impersonality, alienation, bureaucratization Rational-legal authority Social Inequality Multi-dimensional: Class, Status and Power Pessimistic view L3: 13.09.06

Suggested Readings: Hurst C. (2004) Social Inequality: Forms, causes and consequences (5/e), New York: Westview, ch.9 L3: 13.09.06

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