TYPES OF SPEECHES – DEFINED BY PREPARATION TIME The Extemporaneous 1. Anywhere from 30 minutes to 10 years. 2. Researched & prepared outline or manuscript 3. May be very complex, but conversational & natural 4. Formats a. Outline b. Memorized c. Manuscript 5. Length Varies (7 – 90 minutes) 6. Topic of speaker’s choice. 7. Multiple purposes – mostly persuasive in nature 8. Very polished, very prepared. 9. Audience has very high expectations . 10. You really need to be prepared. The impromptu “little” or not prep No notes Simple, but conversational & natural 4. Formats a. Story B. Topical/logical 5. Brief (2 – 3 minutes) 6. Specific topic based on occasion 7. Lively, fun, entertaining & informative purposes 8. Not polished, “thinking on your feet” 9. Audience most forgiving of mistakes. 10. Audience knows of the lack of time.

Impromptu format The Story: use a strong example from your life to address the prompt. A. Plot Outline 1. The Beginning (Intro.) a. Players – interesting characters b. Setting c. Strong Theme – addresses the Prompt d. Plot – preview the events

The Story Format Continues 2. The Middle of the Story (The Body) – Tell us the story. a. Who b. What c. Where d. How e. When f. Why? 3. The End (The Conclusion) a. Happy or sad resolution/end b. Restate theme/morale of the story.

The Topical/Logical Format – KISS – “Keep It Simple Simeon” Introduction A. Use an attention-getter if there’s time to think of one (quote, example, etc.) B. State the thesis – turn the prompt topic or question into your main idea by answering it. C. Preview – say one sentence that lists the points to be covered in the body. II. The Body A. Transition to the first point 1. Use details 2. Elaborate with information (who, what, where, how, when, or why) 3. Facts you know 4. Illustrations/examples B. Transition to the next point III. Conclusion – It’s a reverse introduction! A. Summary B. Restate Thesis/ Prompt answer C. Put on the Zinger

“What are your favorite hobbies?” EXAMPLE “What are your favorite hobbies?” I. Introduction A. Thesis: I have three hobbies that I enjoy. B. Preview: They are reading, swimming, and camping. II. Body – Be sure to use transitions and elaborate A. First, I enjoy reading……. 1. Describe it 2. Tell why you enjoy it B. My next favorite hobby is swimming…. C. Finally, I love to go camping…. III. Conclusion A. Summary/Thesis: These are my favorite hobbies. B. Zinger: Everyone should find a way to relax and renew themselves on a regular basis

No Matter the Format, Good Speakers present a fluent, conversational style! DELIVERY GUIDELINES Be Natural & Lively – reflect your personality A. Smile – Be at ease; shows confidence B. Use humor C. It’s OK to ad-lib. II. Use appropriate Language , Tone, and Volume for your audience. A. Start the speech with your first sentence, not “Ok, all right, sure…etc.” B. Speak “Good”: no slang III. Coordinate your Nonverbal messages with Verbal messages. A. Loose the prompt. B. Posture: Neutral and still C. Eye contact: Look at the audience D. Gestures: Make them natural and in the Gesture Zone

GUIDELINES IV. Use Prep Time to Brainstorm A. The thesis B. Your two or three labeled preview points V. Put the Conclusion on the speech! Inconclusivity is a crime in public speech! VI. Tells us how you feel regarding the topic. VII. A speech is just a speech. VIII. Smile, breath, smile, and KISS!

IMPORTANT ADDITIONAL TIPS 1. Audience: Remember to listen – think about the topic. 2. Avoid the vocal/oral pause (Ok, alright, and hum, uh-hum, etc.) 3. Keep hands in the gesture zone. 4. State the prompt as your thesis (main idea). 5. Eye contact: figure 8 or scan – don’t look over the heads of the audience 6. Show confidence by Overcoming Stage fright: Be prepared, be relaxed, and don’t waste your energy. That way you won’t look foolish, and you won’t fail. 7. Pay attention to Communication Cycle: Sender-Message-Receiver-Feedback (positive, negative, neutral, and Mixed) 8. It’s OK to be you! 9. Don’t fade out at the end of a speech. Put the end on it! 10. Your message (speech) is delivered verbally, vocally, and nonverbally.