Slap it! Survive the 5

What is HNO 3 Nitric Acid Rain

What happens during a thermal inversion? Warm air traps cool air below and pollutants build up

What international agreement limited the production/use of CFC’s? The Montreal Protocol

Which is larger - PM 10 or PM 2.5 PM 10

What is H 2 SO 4 Sulfuric Acid Rain

What is a primary pollutant? Is emitted directly from a source

What type of UV radiation does Ozone block out entirely? UVC

What is a secondary pollutant? A primary pollutant that is photochemically changed (Ozone), or changed with some chemistry (acid rain)

What atmospheric gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect? Water Vapor

What ANTHROPOGENIC atmospheric gas is most responsible for the greenhouse effect? Carbon Dioxide

What conditions are beneficial for photochemical smog? Sunny (warm), and dry

Where is ozone beneficial and where is it harmful? Beneficial in the stratosphere Harmful in the troposphere.

How is ozone harmful in the troposphere? (there are two ways) Lung Irritant Greenhouse Gas

What are the effects of sick building syndrome? Coughing, eye irritation, wheezing, sneezing. Effects only present when inside the building.

What 7 air pollutants did the Clean Air Act aim to reduce? PM (2.5, 10), SO x, NO x, VOCs,CO, O 3, Pb. PM (2.5, 10), SO x, NO x, VOCs, CO, O 3, Pb.

Explain the role of a wet scrubber, electrostatic precipitator, cyclone separator, and baghouse filter. Polluted air comes in and cleaner air and a solid containing the trapped pollutants comes out.

What is the absorbing capacity of Methane compared to Carbon Dioxide? 25 times

How can a volcanic eruption effect the Earth’s temperature? The PM blocks the suns rays from getting to the earth. Earth cools.

Give an source and example of a primary pollutant. NO 2, Auto Exhaust/Factories

Give a source and example of a secondary pollutant. Sulfuric Acid Rain, from coal combustion.

How does the pH scale work? Why is a 3 more acidic than a 6? A 3 has more H+ ions in it.

Explain dry acid deposition. Nitrates and Sulfates fall down from the sky due to gravity (no water involved)

What happens to the polar vortex in the spring? The vortex breaks up and the suns radiation splits a CL from the CFCl 3

What are the negative health effects of a thin ozone layer? Cataracts and skin cancer

Write out the chemistry of the formation of Carbonic Acid. H 2 O + CO 2 → H 2 CO 3 H 2 O + CO 2 → H 2 CO 3 Carbonic Acid Carbonic Acid

Write out the chemistry for the formation of Nitric Acid. 3 NO 2 + H 2 O  NO + 2 HNO 3 3 NO 2 + H 2 O  NO + 2 HNO 3 Nitric Acid Rain Nitric Acid Rain

Write out the chemistry for the formation of Sulfuric Acid. 2 SO 2 + O 2  2 SO 3 2 SO 2 + O 2  2 SO 3 SO 3 + H 2 O  H 2 SO 4 SO 3 + H 2 O  H 2 SO 4 Acid Rain – Sulfuric Acid Acid Rain – Sulfuric Acid

Write the chemistry of Ozone production in the stratosphere O 2 + UV > O + O O + O > O 3 Write the chemistry of Ozone production in the troposphere NO 2 + sunlight → NO + O O + O 2 → O 3

What two elements are most responsible for ozone depletion? Chlorine and Bromine

What are the main sources of CFC’s? Chlorine – refrigerants, aerosols, dry cleaning solution, Styrofoam blowing agents. Bromine – fire extinguishers, pesticides.