1. Review Air Pollution Ozone Depletion Climate Change

2. Climate vs Weather What causes seasons Atmosphere Layers – Exo – Thermo – Meso – Strato – Tropo % increase formula

3. Albedo Rain shadow effect Coriolis effect – 6 air convection cells Hadley, ferrel, polar cells – Where are deserts usually found – Rising air / Falling air – Ocean currents – transfer heat & nutrients Thermohaline Upwellings El Nino – ENSO – effects 0 30 60

4. Outdoor Air Pollutants Clean Air Act – 1970 – Regulates 6 criteria air pollutants SO 2 NOx CO PM Pb O 3 – Other important VOC CO 2 Mercury Know for all: 1. Sources: anthropogenic & Natural 2. Effects: human & Environment 3. How to reduce Wet scrubber Electrostatic precipitator Secondary pollutants Acid deposition: source & effect Photochemical Smog – mainly O 3 Formula, when/where is it worse Effect London (Grey or Industrial) Smog Source Effect

5. Indoor pollutants – VOC Formaldehyde, gas, solvents, glue, new construction – Asbestos – CO – PM – Smoke – Radon ???? Cause more deaths? Where Developed vs Developing countries Sick building syndrome Know for all: 1. Sources 2. Effects 3. How to reduce

6. Differentiate Ozone, O3 Stratospheric Tropospheric Ozone depletion – Cause – understand formulas – Effect – Where & when the worst – Treaty

7. Green house effect – Describe nature Green house effect In terms of UV and IR (heat) radiation – What layer of atmosphere Green house gases – H 2 O – CO 2 – CH 4 – N 2 O – CFC – O 3 Which is: 1. Most abundant - main driver for natural 2. Main driver for man-made (accelerated) 3. More potent / effective at absorbing IR Why aren’t these causing the most warming 4. Only has anthropogenic source Know sources for each

8. Natural Sources of Green House Gases Volcanoes – Gases released – Overall effect Combustion reactions (gas, sugar, methane, etc) – Hydrocarbon + O 2 → ? + ? Decomposition – Aerobic (with O 2 ) → ? – Anaerobic, (no O 2 ) → ? Evaporation & Transpiration

9. Anthropogenic Sources of G.H. gases Burning Fossil Fuels Extracting Fossil Fuels Agriculture Deforestation Landfills Industrial Chemicals

10. Feedback Loops – Positive – Negative Ice melting Permafrost melting More water vapor – clouds forming Faster decomposition More CO 2 – plants grow faster

11. Global Climate Change Consequences

12. Climate Change IPCC - 1988 Kyoto Protocol – 1997 Paris Climate Agreement - 2015