By: Fio

 Each new period has developed great changes in style, function and the form of music.  Music Periods 1. The Medival Period ( ) Music is usualy played and used in religious places, and often doesn’t have harmony but only a single melody. 2. The Renaisance Period ( ) It is the blossoming of the arts, and when music becomes more complex. Instrumental music became complex and harmonies are gained in choral music. 3. The Baroque Period ( ) Composers experiment with tones with an unusual combination. The genre opera was created in the early seventeenth century in Florence, Italy. 4. The Classical Period ( ) Textures, melodies, and forms became simpler compared to the Baroque era. Orchestras became more complex and symphonies became a beloved composition form. 5. The Romantic Period ( ) Music turns to getting more dramatic. Greater number of instruments were introduced, and harmonies and dynamics become more extreme th Century / Modern (1900-____) The music of this period includes movement such as ragtime, serialism, nationalism, jass, rock and roll, pop, and world music. Composers constantly invent new ways to think about music.

 The Renaissance : “Rebirth”  Marks the end of the Medieval period, shows the beginning of change in art, science, and technology.  Musicians compose music mainly for singing rather than instrument playing. Some would successfully make the songs more musical, and able to make the music represent the poetic words, called word-painting.  PERSONAL QUESTION = How is the Renaissance Period different from the previous period (Medievel Period)  Medieval = seperate strands of music, voices moving against each other.  Renaissance = different voices blending together to create a logical and consistent texture. Composers become aware of harmony in their music.

 Guillaume Dufay, known as the transitional figure to the Renaissance.  Composers experiment with cantus firmus. Cantus Firmus was commonly used in the middle ages, and was strongly based on the Gregorian Chant.  1517 Protestant reformation developed by Martin Luther. Significant changes occurred to church music such as the chorale, hymns that were meant to be sung by a group of people. The earliest form was monophonic (consisting of a single musical line, without accompaniment) then evolved into four part harmony. It was also the period when psalms of the Bible were translated into French and then set to music.  During the Renaissance, composers were less restricted to the fixed forms of chansons (French song) and experimented on new styles.  1550 Catholic Counter-Reformation. The Council of Trent met from 1545 to 1563 to discuss complaints about the church including its music.  Italian Madrigal (a part-song for several voices and without instrumental accompaniment), polyphonic secular music that were performed in groups of 4 to 6 singers who sang mostly love songs.

 Known composers were Adrian Willaert and Jacob Arcadelt.  Giocanni Pierlugi da Palestrina, known as the High Renaissance composer of Counter-Reformation sacred music.  Known composers were Adrian Willeart and Orlando Lassus.  John Farmer, English madrigal composer.  Known composers were Luca Marenzio, Carlo Gesualdo, and Claudio Monteverdi.  Thomas Luis de Victoria, known Spanish composer during the Renaissance who composed mainly sacred music.  Giovanni Gabrielli, known composer in Venetian High Renaissance music who wrote instrumental and church music.  William Byrd, leading English composer of the late Renaissance who composed church, secular, consort (a group of musicians performing together, typically playing instrumental music of the Renaissance period) and keyboard music.  John Dowland, known for his lute music in Europe and composed beautiful melancholic (sad and gloomy) music.

 Sacred Music = Religious music The old style sacred music has created some of the greatest music pieces of this period.  Secular Music = Non-religious music Form of music = madrigal Madrigal = text were often repeated. Contains a lot of imitation and a form which uses separate melodies, interacting at the same time, creating a cannon effect. The music would be resulted as a light and springy music.

 Nationality = England  Religion = Roman Catholic  Occupation = Composer  Mentor = Thomas Tallis  Considered to be the first “genius” of the keyboard.  Writes keyboard music, madrigals, church music in Latin and English, vocal and consort (group of musicians playing musical instruments from the Renaissance Period)

 Genre : Sacred ; Anthem  Source of text : Psalm 81:1-4  Voices: 6 Voicings: SSAATB or AATTBB  Instruments: A Cappella  MIDI :  Lyrics (english translation) : Sing joyfully to God our strength; sing loud unto the God of Jacob! Take the song, bring forth the timbrel, the pleasant harp, and the viol. Blow the trumpet in the new moon, even in the time appointed, and at our feast day. For this is a statute for Israel, and a law of the God of Jacob.

 Song    Composer     Sheet music   Timeline  a a   Renaissance Period   Sacred and Secular 