Border Security and Management Process in Transformation

Background German Police Service – 36 years of service 18 years service within the Border Police Since 1998 working for international organisations UN, UNODC, UNCTC, OSCE, EU, European Commission Ministry for Foreign Affairs

Work Experience South East Europe East Europe The Caucasus Central Asian countries Middle East Turkey Afghanistan

1 st Exercise During the last 10 to 20 years… Which crises did affect BSM issues? What kind of crises did affect BSM?

Border Management – Process in Transformation Fall of the Iron Curtain Collapse of Ex-Yugoslavia Formation of the European Union (Schengen) 9/11 Afghanistan, Middle East, Libya, Syria Migration and refugees Transnational terrorism Other transnational threats

Various forms of Border Security and Management are..

Border Security and Management Integrated Border Management Cooperative Border Management Strategies and Action Plans to fight TNT and transnational terrorism Other forms of Border Security and Management

Integrated Border Management Key principles Key players Other actors Elements Tools

3 rd Exercise Which areas are most important and relevant regarding Border Security and Management?

IBM Key Principles 3 Pillars of IBM 1 - Intra-agency cooperation 2 - Inter-agency cooperation 3 - International cooperation  Issues of special concern (TNT, CT)  Strategies and Action Plans  Evaluation and monitoring

Intra-, Inter- & International cooperation Legal and regulatory framework Institutional framework Procedures HR Management Education and training Communication and information exchange Infrastructure and technical equipment

4 th Exercise Who are the key players relevant to Border Security and Management?

Key Players in Border Security and Management Ministry of Interior Ministry for Foreign Affairs Other key ministries Border Police – Border Guards Customs Service Phyto-sanitary and Veterinary Service Immigration service

Key Players in Border Security and Management Counter Terrorism agencies Intelligence agencies Other law enforcement agencies Sensitive infra structure Other stakeholders

Elements IBM Strategy and Action Plan Visa, Asylum and Migration Special areas of concern (Counter Terrorism, TNT) Data Protection Risk Analysis Evaluation and Monitoring

5 th Exercise What are the tools relevant to Border Security and Management?

Tools Risk analysis and risk management Controlling Inter-ministerial and inter-departmental cooperation Cooperation with other actors in the field of Border Security and Management Common platforms for communication (OSCE NFP network)

Tools Cross-border cooperation Information exchange Joint BCP’s (one stop shop) Common border surveillance responsibilities Joint operations (fight against terrorism) Joint training activities Co-ordinated work flow at BCP’s Public Private Partnership initiatives

Tools Co-ordinated work flow at BCP’s Liaison officers Common BCC Regional ToT Public Private Partnership initiatives (non state actors, carriers, operators, public)

Other actors UNCTC, CTITF, UNRCCA ICAO (specialised UN agency) International BSM initiatives (BOMCA, EUBAM) Interpol (LSTD data base) International organisations (IOM,UNHCR, ICMPD) International training centres (OSCE BMSC) Public Private Partnership initiatives

Problematic areas 3 Dimensions  Land, Air, Sea Entry vs. Exit control 4th Dimension  Cyber Space Border demarcation Identification of common interests, shared values Cross-border cooperation Exchange of information Partnership

Transnational Threats (TNT) -TNT – What is it about? -Definition -Relation OC – TNT -TNT – transnational terrorism -Terrorism is TNT -Comparative study -TNT potentials of the last two decades

Strategic Security Management United Nations (192 MS) European Union (28 MS) OSCE (57 MS) G 7 (G 8) G 20 CIS International Organisations

„The freedom of man lies not in that he can do what he wants, but that he did not have to do what he does not want.“ Jean-Jacques Rousseau,