AP Human Geography Your warm up is on the website (sigren.weebly.com) It is titled “Lesson 2.Warm up” under the culture tab.

Warm up part 2! What cultural trait did you enjoy the most over the weekend? Why? Did you enjoy any cultural traits that diffused from other cultures over the weekend?

Language and Diffusion

Language A form of communication, usually involving sounds

Dialects Regional variations of the same language Different dialects have different grammar and vocabulary

Woman does 21 different English accents

Regional Dialects—Phrases from Mississippi If a frog had wings, he’d fly. You can’t get blood out of a turnip. I’m addled as a goose. Don’t give me those fisheyes!

Toponyms Words that are named after the place they were created. (Also called place- names) Why is this drink called champagne?

Lingua Franca The main language used to do business around the world What do you think it is today?

Language Family A group of languages related to a common ancestor Languages start with a proto-language, then branch off in different directions What do you think causes languages to branch off?

Language Statistics Most common world language—Mandarin Chinese Most common language family—Indo-European (Includes English, romance languages, and Hindi) – Romance languages—Italian, Spanish, French, Portuguese

Indigenous Language Language native to an area Usually a minority language (a language that is not as popular as another language in a region)

Isogloss The boundaries that show how a language is contained. Isoglosses usually result in perceptual regions. Isoglosses of German dialects

Extinct Languages Languages no longer spoken by anybody Over 2500 languages currently in danger of going extinct Isolated Language— Language not related to any linguistic family – Example-Basque – Eskola maite dut!

Creole Language Creole- Mixture of indigenous and conquering languages, like Cajun in Louisiana Pidgin language— Simplified language developed in areas with limited exposure to a language

Hawaiian Pidgin language boddah you? Are you disturbed by this? Darlene wen go foa da beach wid me. Wot?Boddah you? brah. Brother. Eh, brah, get one nuddah drink? brok da mout. Broke the mouth. Absolutely delicious. Ho, Tutu's malasadas so ono, brok da mout. bruddah, braddah. See brah. cockaroach. To steal. Eh, who wen cockaroach all da manapua?

Diffusion What words have diffused to English?

Words that have spread to English Where do you think the following words came from? Tea, algebra, adobe, almanac, cotton, magazine, rodeo, taco, burrito, macho, marijuana Why do people speak Spanish in Latin America?

Review Game! Pick three vocabulary terms from the last two classes, and define them in your own words. Feel free to make the definition difficult! We will have a quiz on these terms next class. Using the index cards, I will call on you to read your definition. The rest of the class will guess what word it is, and write it on their white board. The group with the most correct answers gets the point!