THE HOLOCAUST

VOCABULARY: EVENTS & TERMS HOLOCAUST GENOCIDE “THE FINAL SOLUTION” KRISTALLNACHT UNTERMENSCHEN CONCENTRATION CAMP EXTERMINATION CAMP

VOCABULARY: PEOPLE & GROUPS ADOLF HITLER HEINRICH HIMMLER RHEINHARD HEYDRICH ADOLF EICHMANN JOSEF MENGELE EINZATSGRUPPEN AUSCHWITZ

MAJOR EVENTS 1935: NUREMBURG LAWS PASSED 11/9/38: KRISTALLNACHT 1939: “THE FINAL SOLUTION” BEGINS 1942: THE WANSEE CONFERENCE

PERSECUTION BEGINS WHEN? 1933: HITLER BECOMES GERMAN CHANCELLOR CALLS FOR REMOVAL OF ALL “NON-ARYANS” FROM GOV’T. JOBS REASONS: LONG HISTORY OF ANTI-SEMITISM IN GERMANY HITLER BLAMED JEWS, PARTLY, FOR WW I LOSS CONVENIENT SCAPEGOAT HITLER’S OWN PERSONAL ANIMOSITY TOWARDS JEWS RESULT? 1935: NUREMBURG LAWS PASSED DID WHAT? JEWS STRIPPED OF PROPERTY & CIVIL RIGHTS IF ATTEMPTING TO ELAVE GERMANY ALL JEWS HAD TO WEAR A STAR OF DAVID ON CLOTHING AS I.D.

PERSECUTION GROWS NOV. 9, 1938: KRISTALLNACHT WHAT? JEWISH BUSINESSES, HOMES, SYNAGOGUES, INDIVIDUALS ATTACKED WHO? NAZI PARTY MEMBERS RESULT? MANY JEWS TRY TO FLEE GERMANY PROBLEM? SOME COUNTRIES REFUSE TO TAKE JEWISH IMMIGRANTS SO WHAT? NAZI PARTY DECIDES TO BEGIN SYSTEMIC ELIMINATION OF JEWS IN GERMAN- CONTROLLED AREAS EFFECT? 1939: THE “FINAL SOLUTION” ADOPTED GOAL: “THE DISAPPEARANCE OF ALL JEWERY FROM EUROPE ”

“WHEN JEWISH BLOOD SPURTS FROM THE KNIFE, THINGS GO TWICE AS WELL ”  NAZI S.A. CHANT

PROPAGANDA MOVIE POSTER: “DER EWIGE JUDE”, GERMANY, 1940

GERMAN ANTI- JEWISH POSTER

MOVIE POSTER, “JUD SUSS”, GERMANY, 1940

JEWISH SYNAGOGUES BURNED IN GERMANY

JEWSIH SHOPKEEPER SURVEYS STORE DAMAGE, BERLIN, 1938

NAZI S.A. MEN CLOSE JEWISH SHOP

STAR OF DAVID, REQUIRED BY LAW TO BE WORN BY ALL JEWS

JEWISH COUPLE, POLAND, 1940 WEARING STAR OF DAVID ARMBANDS

THE FINAL SOLUTION WHEN? WHERE? APPLIED TO ALL NAZI-OCCUPIED EUROPE AREAS? DEPENDED ON SIZE OF NAZI CONQUESTS Ex: GREATEST EXTENT OF NAZI OCCUPATION IS 1942 HOW? MASS EXECUTIONS (EINZATSGRUPPEN KILLINGS) GHETTO ISOLATION OF JEWS, ETC. FORCED LABOR CONCENTRATION CAMPS EXTERMINATION CAMPS WHO’S TARGETED? ALL UNTERMENSCHEN (DEFINE) JEWS HOMOSEXUALS GYPSIES PHYSICALLY, MENTALLY DISABLED COMMUNISTS

EUTHANASIA NAZI IDEOLOGY BELIEVED IN A VERSION OF… CHARLES DARWIN’s NATURAL SELECTION THEORY (define) “SOCIAL DARWINISM” (define) RESULT? NAZIS BELIEVE INFIRM, HANDICAPPED ARE NOT CAPABLE OF LIVING A “VALUABLE” / PRODUCTIVE LIFE THEREFORE… THEY WERE A DRAIN ON SOCIETY’S RESOURCES THEY ONLY WEAKENED THE NATION RESULT? NAZIS WANT TO…  ELIMINATE “THE WEAK” (KILL THEM)  BREED / PROCREATE MORE OF THE STRONG HANDICAPPED / INFIRM ARE NOW TARGETED FOR KILLING HOW? MENTAL INSITITUTIONS IN GERMANY INJECTIONS, “ GAS VANS”, etc.

NAZI ORDER ALLOWING EUTHANIZATION OF HANDICAPPED, 1939

HARTHEIM CASTLE, AUSTRIA

NAZI POSTER:“BECAUSE GOD CANNOT WANT THE SICK & AILING TO REPRODUCE”

NAZI PROPAGANDA POSTER: “LIFE WITHOUT HOPE”

NAZI PROPAGANDA POSTER: “MENTALLY ILL NEGRO (ENGLAND), 16 YRS. IN AN INSTITUTION COSTING 35,000 REICHSMARKS”

MAJ. GENERAL KARL BRANDT, S.S., DIRECTOR, “T-4” NAZI EUTHANASIA PROGRAM, 1942

MAJOR GENERAL KARL BRANDT, S.S. REICH COMMISSIONER FOR HEALTH AND SANITATION

THE FINAL SOLUTION A. AREAS HARDEST HIT: 1. EASTERN EUROPE: -Poland -Russia 2. GERMANY B. WHY?: 1. THOSE AREAS HAD HIGHEST POPULATION OF JEWS, OR… 2. THOSE AREAS WERE MORE EASILY INVADED EARLY IN WAR C. WHO CONDUCTED MOST OF THE FINAL SOLUTION? 1. S.S. (Schutzstaffel) CAMP GUARDS 2. S.S. “EINZATSGRUPPEN” (“Special Action Groups”) 3. “WAFFEN – S.S.” (SS Front line combat units) 4. POLICE IN CONQUERED TERRITORIES 5. “GESTAPO” UNITS - German Secret Police ***MOST EXTERMINATION / FINAL SOLUTION ACTIONS WERE DONE BY S.S. GROUPS

GERMAN MILITARY POLICE WITH JEWISH POLE, POLAND, 1939

NAZI OFFICERS FORCE JEWISH MEN TO CLEAN STREET, POLAND, 1939

SS MEN HARRASSING JEWISH MAN, POLAND, 1939

JEWISH WOMEN ON EDGE OF DITCH BEFORE BEING SHOT

EINZATSGRUPPEN EXECUTIONS, UKRAINE, 1941

UKRAINE, SOVIET UNION 1941

AFTER THE HOLOCAUST RESULTS: MOST EUROPEAN JEWS ARE… KILLED DISPLACED “ZIONISTS” NOW MAKE STRONGER EFFORTS TO ESTABLISH STATE OF ISRAEL EUROPEAN JEWISH POPULATION IS DECIMATED TOTAL KILLED: APPROXIMATELY 6 MILLION