Chapter 1

Section 1.2  Anatomy – branch of science that deals with the structure (morphology) of body parts. Their forms and how they are organized  Physiology – the functions of body parts What they do and how they do it

Vocabulary  Abdominopelvic  Absorption  Anatomy  Appendicular  Assimilation  Axial  Circulation  Digestion  Excretion  Homeostasis  Metabolism  Negative feedback  Organelle  Organism  Parietal  Pericardial  Peritoneal  Physiology  Pleural  Reproduction  Respiration  Thoracic  Visceral  Movement  Responsiveness  Growth  Atoms  Molecules  Macromolecules  Cell  Organelles  Tissue  Organs  Organ systems  Organism  Dorsal cavity  Ventral cavity  Cranial cavity  Vertebral canal  Mediastinum  Abdominal cavity  Pelvic cavity  Oral cavity  Nasal cavity  Orbital cavity  Middle ear cavities  Sagittal  Transverse  Coronal

 Abdominopelvic – contains the abdominal and pelvic cavities  Absorption – the passage of nutrients through the intestine  Anatomy – the structure of body parts & how they are organized

Terms Used for Body Parts & Regions - Front  Otic (ear)  Nasal (nose)  Oral (mouth)  Cervical (neck)  Acromial (point of shoulder)  Axillary (armpit)  Mammary (breast)  Brachial (arm)  Antecubital (front of elbow)  Abdominal (abdomen)  Antebrachial (forearm)  Carpal (wrist)  Palmar (palm)  Digital (finger)  Genital (reproductive organs)  Patellar (front of knee)  Crural (leg)  Tarsal (ankle)  Pedal (foot)  Umbilical (navel)  Coxal (hip)  Inguinal (groin)  Pectoral region (chest)  Sternal (sternum)  Mental (chin)  Buccal (cheek)  Orbital (eye cavity)  Frontal (forehead)  Cephalic (head)

Terms Used to Describe Body Parts & Regions - Posterior  Occipital (back of head)  Vertebral (spinal column)  Cubital (elbow)  Dorsum (back)  Lumbar (lower back)  Sacral (b/t hips)  Gluteal (buttocks)  Perineal (b/t legs)  Femoral (thigh)  Popliteal (back of knee)  Plantar (sole)

Organ Systems  Integumentary System – skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, & sebaceous glands Protection, regulate body temp, house sensory receptors  Skeletal System – bones, ligaments, & cartilage Provide framework & protective shield for softer tissues

 Muscular System – muscles Provide forces that cause body movements  Nervous System – brain, spinal cord, nerves & sense organs Detect changes in and out of the body, muscle contraction  Endocrine System – glands that secrete chemical messengers (hormones)

Organ Systems  Cardiovascular System – heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, & blood Transporting gases, nutrients, hormones & wastes  Lymphatic System – lymph nodes, thymus gland, & spleen Defend body against infections  Digestive System – mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small & large intestines Breaks down food to absorb nutrients and oxygen, excretes various wastes

Organ Systems  Respiratory System – nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs Take air in and out, exchange gases b/t blood and the air  Urinary System – kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder & urethra Remove wastes from the blood and excrete urine

Organ Systems  Reproductive System – produce offspring similar to the parents Male: scrotum, testes, epididymides, vasa deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, penis, and urethra Female: ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus vagina, clitoris & vulva