Ch 4 the Muscular System
Overview Muscles: my/o, myos/o> Make body movement possible, hold body erect, move body fluids, and produce body heat. Fascia: fasci/o> Cover, support, and separate muscles. Tendons: ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o> Attach muscle to bone
Types of muscle Tissue Skeletal Muscles: Attach to bones of the skeleton and are the muscles that make possible body motions. Smooth Muscle: Located in internal organs>stomach, intestines, blood vessels. Their function is to move fluids. Cardiac Muscle: Forms the muscular wall of the heart.
Type I Muscle Fibers- slow twitch: Endurance
Type II Muscle Fibers-fast twich: Power
Muscle Motions Abduction: moves away from the midline Flexion: (bending) decreases an angle as in bending a joint Elevation: raises a body part Rotation: Turns a bone on its own axis Supination: turn the palm upward or forward Dorsiflexion: bends the foot upward at the ankle Adduction: moves toward the midline Extension: (straightening) increases an angle as in sraightening a joint Depression: lowers a body part Circumduction: rotate in a circle Pronation: turn the palm downward Plantar flexion: bends the foot downward at the ankle
Ch 4 Terms fasci/o fascia, fibrous band kinesi/o movement my/o muscle tax/o coordination, order ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o tendon, stretch out, extend, strain rrhexis- rupture hemi half -plegia paralysis, stroke sub- below tri three
Words Fascitits> inflammation of a fascia (tissue) Kinesiology> is the study of muscular activity and the resulting movement of body parts Myectomy> surgical removal of a portion of a muscle Dystaxia> difficulty in controlling voluntary movement Tendonitis> inflammation of the tendon caused by excessive or unusual use of the joint Myorrhexis> rupture of a muscle Quadriplegia> paralysis of all four extremities Hemiparesis> slight paralysis of one side of the body Subscapularis> muscle in the front of the scapula Triceps> back of the upper arm with three divisions: long, medial, and lateral heads