Mrs. Walker 4 th Grade Saraland Elementary Chapter 1: Life Processes

Chapter 1: Vocabulary

cell The basic building block of all living things

chlorophyll A green material that helps plants make food

leaf Where food is made in most plants

Life process A function that a living thing performs to stay alive and reproduce.

organ A part of an organism that performs a specific function.

organism Any living thing that can carry out life processes on its own.

organ system A group of organs that work together to carry out life processes.

photosynthesis The process plants use to make food.

reproduce To make more living things of one’s own kind.

root The part of the plant that takes in water and nutrients from the ground.

seed An undeveloped plant sealed in a protective coating.

stem The part of the plant that carries water and nutrients to and from the roots and leaves.

tissue A group of similar cells that work together.

Lesson 1:Characteristics of Living Things All living things are made of cells and are able to carry out life processes. A life process is a function that a living thing performs to stay alive and produce more of its own kind. Living things also reproduce, or make more living things of their own kind. What is the difference between a bronze duck and a live duck? A live duck carries out life processes!!

Life Processes Life Process Plants Animals Takes in materials such as nutrients and gases. Take in carbon dioxide, water, and minerals Take in oxygen from the air and nutrients from food. Grow and develop Release energy Release energy from the food they make Release energy from the food they eat React to surroundings Give off waste Give off oxygen as a waste product of making food. Other processes gives off water and carbon dioxide. Give off carbon dioxide and other waste. Reproduce

Plant and Animal Cells

What is a Cell? A cell is the basic unit that makes up all living things. Cells carry out life processes. All cells have parts. Some parts are the same in both plant cells and animal cells. One part that all cells have in common is a membrane, a thin surface that holds the cell together.

Plant and Animal Cells Plant CellAnimal Cell

Organisms How are living things organized?

Simple and Complex Organisms An organism is any living thing that can carry out life processes on its own. Some organisms are simple and some are complex. An organ is a special part of an organism that performs a specific function. E. Coli Bacteria Diatoms- single celled algae that live in water.

Simple and Complex Organisms Simple Organism Some made of a single cell Some made of many similar cells Do not have distinct organs Complex Organism Many different kinds of cells Different kinds of tissue Have organ system

Complex Organisms In complex organisms, cells that are similar form one kind of tissue. Tissue is a group of similar cells that work together. Some examples are muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and stomach tissue. Complex organisms also have organ systems. An organ system is a group of organs that work together to carry out life processes.

Review Questions: 1. How are living things alike? 2. Use the term tissue in a sentence about the bodies of animals. 3. Compare and Contrast How are a person and a wax model of that person alike? How are they different?