1.00 Computer Basics 1.01 Classify computer component. 1 Primary sources of information and images: GCFLearnFree.org, Microsoft Digital Learning E-Learning Site, BBC GCSE Bitesize website Clipart PublicDomainPictures.com

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 A computer is an electronic device that manipulates information, or data.  It can store, retrieve, process data, and produce a result. Click to play video 4

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 Desktop computer—usually sits on a desk. They are easy to upgrade and expand or add new parts. 6  Laptop computer—often called a notebook computer because of its size, is more portable than desktops.

 Server—the main computer on a network that provides services to other computers on a network. It can look like a desktop computer or be much larger. For the Internet, webpages are stored on web servers. 7

 Tablet computer: uses touch-sensitive screen for typing and navigation.  Ex) iPad 8  Mobile phones: can do such things as browse the Internet and playing games. Often called smartphones. Source:

 Game consoles: used for playing video games, and some, such as the Nintendo Wii can browse the Web. 9  TVs: many TVs include applications that let you access online content. Ex) watch streaming movies on Netflix. Image source: Image source:

 Personal computers, such as desktop and laptop computers, come in two main styles: 10  MAC: Introduced in 1984 by Macintosh. First widely sold personal computer with Graphical User Interface (GUI) All made by Apple Inc. Almost always use the Mac OS X operating system.  PC: Introduced by IBM in Most common personal computer. Typically includes the Microsoft Windows operating system.

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 Hardware refers to all the physical components of a computer. It includes all devices:  Input  output  Processing  Storage 12 Click here to play video

 Input devices are used to get information into a computer. How the user communicates with the computer.  Examples:  Keyboard  Mouse  Microphone 13 What are the following input devices? webcam Barcode reader Game controller/joystick scannerTouch screen

 Output devices are used to get information from the computer. How the computer communicates with the user.  Examples:  Monitor  Printer  speakers 14 What are the following output devices? projector headphones

 Processing devices work on the input data and generate the desired output.  The most important processing device is the Central processing Unit (CPU).  The CPU is the “brain” of the computer.  Processor speed is measured in megahertz (MHz), millions of instructions per second, and gigahertz (GHz), billions of instructions per second.  Ex) Intel, AMD 15

 Storage devices allow you to store (save) data for later use.  Internal storage devices allow data to be stored inside the computer.  Hard drive (200GB to 1TB) Allows for fastest access to data Two types of memory Random Access Memory (RAM) is temporary storage. Read Only Memory (ROM) is long term storage. Click here to start video/activity 16

 External storage devices allow data to be stored outside the computer.  External hard disk (1TB or more)  Memory card (1GB to 32 GB) ex) SD card 17

 Compact Disk (CD) (up to 700 MB) Compact disk-Read Only Memory (CD-ROM) is unchangeable. Compact disk-Recordable (CD-R) can add information on multiple sessions, but can not change the information added. Compact Disk Compact disk-Read and Write (CD-RW) can be changed. 18  USB/Flash drive (512 MB to 32 GB)  Digital Video Disk (DVD) (up to 4.7GB)

 Storage Capacity  1 Bit = smallest unit, either a “1” or a “0”  8 bits = 1 Byte (B)  1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB)  1024 kilobytes = 1 Megabyte (MB)  1024 megabytes = 1 Gigabyte (GB)  1024 gigabytes = 1 Terabyte (TB) 19 bit byte kilobyte megabyte gigabyte terabyte

 The cloud is all of the things you can access over the Internet.  When something is “in the cloud” it means it is stored on servers on the Internet instead of on your computer.  If you have web-based , all of the s in your inbox are stored on servers. Click here to play video 20

 Benefits of using the cloud:  Convenience and reliability. How? Web applications (or web apps, cloud apps), which run in the cloud and do not need to be installed on your computer. Better collaboration. How? Less likely to lose your data since it is stored on servers.  Risks:  Someone may try to gain access to your personal data. 21

 The motherboard is a large circuit board that connects input, output, and processing devices through pathways that allow data to pass through these various components.  It also contains chips that determine how, when, and where data can flow through the computer. 22