1. Introduction To Computer Programming – 1A Computer Parts, Words, and Definition Herriman High School

2. Computer An electronic device for storing and processing data, typically in binary form, according to instructions given to it in a variable program. Computers operate using “machine language” or Binary code. A binary code represents text or computer processor instructions using the binary number system's two binary digits, 0 and 1. Herriman High School

3. Hardware The machine’s, wiring, and other physical components of a computer or other electronic system. Hardware includes External Devices. –Monitor - A display screen used to provide visual output from a computer. –Keyboard - A keyboard is the set of typewriter-like keys used to enter data into a computer. Keyboards are similar to typewriter keyboards but contain additional keys. Herriman High School

4. Hardware Mouse –A hand-held input device that is moved about on a flat surface to direct the cursor on a computer screen. It also has buttons for activating computer functions. Printer –An output device for creating a “hard copy” of the output. Herriman High School

5. Hardware Hardware also includes Internal parts –hard drive A high-capacity, self-contained storage device containing a read-write mechanism plus one or more hard disks, inside a sealed unit. Also called hard disk drive. Hard drives retain their data even when power is removed (non-volatile memory). –CPU The abbreviation for central processing unit. Sometimes referred to simply as the central processor, but more commonly called processor, the CPU is the brains of the computer where most calculations take place. Herriman High School

6. Hardware Motherboard –The main circuit board of a microcomputer. The motherboard contains the CPU, memory and primary components of the computer. Memory –RAM RAM is an acronym for random access memory, a type of computer memory that can be accessed randomly. RAM loses its content when power is removed (volatile). Herriman High School

7. Hardware –ROM Acronym for read-only memory. ROM is computer memory on which data has been prerecorded. It retains its contents even when the computer is turned off (non-volatile). This is the memory that allows your computer to “boot up” or restart each time you turn it on. –Bit A unit of information expressed as either a 0 or 1 in binary notation. –Byte a group of binary digits or bits (usually eight) operated on as a unit. Herriman High School

8. Memory 8 bits to a byte, 1000 bytes to a kilobyte (Kb), 1000 kilobytes, or 1,000,000 bytes to a megabyte (Mb), and a 1000 megabytes or 1,000,000,000 bytes to a Gigabyte (Gb). ROM and RAM chips are on the Motherboard & Hard Drives are housed in the computer to make internal memory. External memory can be in the form of CD ROMs, flash drives, and external hard drives usually connected via USB ports. Herriman High School

9. Software –A set of instructions for the computer operating system (OS) –An operating system (OS) is software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. Examples: MS-DOS, Windows application software –Application software (an application) is a set of computer programs designed to permit the user to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities. Examples: Word, Excel, Powerpoint web-based software –A web application or web based software is any software that runs in a web browser. Herriman High School