Health Stats: This graph shows how the percentage of 10th graders and 12th graders who smoke has changed. What does this graph reveal about the popularity of smoking among high school students?

TOBACCO  Smoking is the #1 preventable cause of death in the U.S.  It causes heart disease, strokes, cancers, emphysema (destroys tiny air sacs in the lungs), and chronic bronchitis (airways to the lungs get inflamed and make a lot of mucus).

Smoking  Cilia: tiny hairs that help clean out dirt particles out of the lungs.  If the cilia stop functioning because of smoking they will not be able to fight infections.

Nervous System Increases activity level Mimics neurotransmitters Decreases some reflex actions Activates the brain’s “reward pathway” Cardiovascular System Increases heart rate and the force of contractions Increases blood pressure Reduces blood flow to skin Increases risk of blood clotting Digestive System Increases saliva production Decreases the amount of insulin released from the pancreas Increases bowel activity Respiratory System Increases mucus production Decreases muscle action in the lungs’ airways Causes breathing to become more shallow Effects of Nicotine

Respiratory Diseases  COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)  A disease that results in a gradual lost of lung function.  Chronic Bronchitis & Emphysema are 2 types of COPD. Many people with COPD have both.  Lung Cancer – the uncontrollable growth of abnormal cells in one or both lungs.

The Effects of Smoking on the Lungs

These are pictures of smokers lungs with lung cancer. (Lungs are SUPPOSED to be pink and fluffy looking)

Harmful Ingredients in Cigarettes  Nicotine – is highly addictive and the high lasts only 30 min.  Increases heart rate and blood pressure: constricts blood flow to the heart.  A tolerance develops.  Nicotine is a stimulant (increases action of the CNS).  Carbon Monoxide – a colorless, odorless, poisonous gas found in cigarette smoke.  Blocks the blood’s ability to carry oxygen to body cells so less gets to the heart and muscles.

Smoking and Social Health & Appearance 5 things that smoking does to a person  Yellow Teeth  Wrinkles  Clothes / Hair smell  Bad Breath  Lowers Endurance (breath easier without smoking)

Tar & Smokeless Tobacco  Tar - a thick, sticky dark fluid produced when tobacco burns.  There are over 7,000 chemicals in tobacco smoke.  They contain carcinogens (cancer causing substances) which cause lung cancer.  Smokeless Tobacco - tobacco that is sniffed through the nose or chewed.  Smokeless tobacco is NO SAFER than cigarettes.  Contains 28 cancer causing agents called carcinogens.  Watch out for thick, white, leathery patches inside the mouth called leukoplakia.

Smokeless Tobacco  Users may experience: A.Greater tooth wear than nonusers B.Gums tend to be pushed away C.Early loss of teeth D.Bad breath E.Stained and discolored teeth Fiberglass is put in smokeless tobacco so it will be absorbed into the bloodstream faster.

Electronic Cigarettes  Battery operated products designed to turn nicotine and other chemicals into a vapor and then inhaled.  Electronic Cigarettes are NOT safer than regular cigarettes because they have not been studied or approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).

Pregnant? Don’t Smoke!!  Smoking increases infant death by 33%.  Smoking increases baby’s heart rate and reduces oxygen supply.  More chance for preterm delivery, stillbirth, low birth rate, and birth defects.  Nursing mothers who smoke produce less milk. (diarrhea, vomiting)

Hang Around a Smoker??  Don’t hang around a smoker – for every 8 smokers who die; they take 1 non-smoker with them!!  Second hand smoke kills. It’s especially dangerous to young children.  Mainstream smoke – smoke that smoker blows off.  Sidestream smoke – smoke from burning tobacco.  Contains twice as much tar and nicotine as mainstream smoke.

Protecting Yourself from Second-hand smoke  Ask them to smoke outside only  Keep door to your room closed  Get an air filter  Ask to smoke in one place only  Keep encouraging them to quit!!

$$$$ Spent on Tobacco 1 pack/can costs $ ___________ 1 pack/can per day for 1-week ___________ 1 pack/can per day for 1-month ___________ 1 pack/can per day for 5 years ___________ 1 pack/can per day for 20 years ___________ What can you buy with all that money spent??

Why do teens smoke if they know it’s bad for their health?  Parents are smokers  Coping with stress  Rebellious behavior  Thinks it looks cool  Think everyone else is, they should too  Peer pressure  Advertising  Media  Curiosity

Reasons why an employer would not hire a smoker  Sick more often  Higher Insurance costs  More cigarette breaks

How to Quit  Cold turkey: None at all  Tapering off: Slowly smoke less  Over-the-Counter Products  Prescriptions

Tips for Quitting  Quitting is most difficult within the first week or two after the last cigarette. By then, symptoms of nicotine withdrawal have usually subsided, but psychological symptoms may continue.  To help cope with the withdrawal symptoms:  Make a list of the reasons why you quit. Keep it handy as a reminder.  Throw away all tobacco products and anything that reminds you of tobacco use (ashtrays).  Do little things to change your daily routine, such as sitting in a different seat at the kitchen table.  Tell your family and friends that you have quit so that they can be there for support.  Avoid being around people who use tobacco  Put aside the money you save. Reward yourself with a present.  Exercise or call a friend to take your mind off smoking.

Changes in a smoker’s body after quitting 20 min – blood pressure and heart rate return to normal. 12 hours – oxygen and carbon monoxide levels return to normal. 24 hours – risk of sudden heart attack decreases. 48 hours – sense of smell and taste start to improve. 3 months – circulation improves; lung function improves.  1 year – excess risk is the same as a nonsmoker. Risk of mouth and throat cancer is half that of a current smoker.  10 years – lung cancer death rate is about half the rate of a current smoker. Life expectancy is comparable to a nonsmoker.

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