CHAPTER 12 Adjective Clauses Part One Mr. Hani M. Al-Tahrawi Eng-112 December, 2012

This is the man His wife killed the snake.

This is the man His wife killed the snake. whose wife

This is the man his daughter. I am going to marry

This is the man his daughter. I am going to marry whose daughter This is the man whose daughter I am going to marry.

This is the boy. The boy wants to be a pilot. Same thing in different grammatical cases. He Accusative case: “the boy” is not the subject of the sentence. Nominative case: “The boy” is the subject of the sentence.

This is the boy. The boy wants to be a pilot.

This is the boy The boy wants to be a pilot. who that who that

The boy is here. The boy wants to be a pilot. Same thing with the same grammatical cases. He Nominative case: “the boy” is the subject of the sentence. Nominative case: “The boy” is the subject of the sentence.

The boy is here. The boy wants to be a pilot.

The boy is here. The boy wants to be a pilot who that who that

The boy who wants to be a pilot is here. that The boy who wants to be a pilot is here. that

This is the lion. The lion killed the man. Same thing in different grammatical cases. It

This is the lion. The lion killed the hunter.

This is the lion The lion killed the hunter. which that which that

This is the lion which killed the hunter. that This is the lion which killed the hunter. that

The wind which / that blew yesterday was very devastating.

These strawberries came from Amman. The strawberries were used to decorate the cake.

These strawberries, (which/that) were used to decorate the cake, came from Amman.

This is the man. I met him in Paris last summer. object of a verb Accusative case: “him” is the object of a verb in the sentence. Accusative case: “the man” is not the subject of the sentence.

This is the man. him I met in Paris last summer. whom that Ø whom that Ø I met in Paris last summer.

This is the man whom I met in Paris last summer. that Ø

The boy is here. Nominative case: “the boy” is the subject of the sentence. Accusative case: “him” is the object of a verb in the sentence. I met him in Paris last summer. object of a verb

The boy is here. I met him in Paris last summer.

The boy is here. him I met in Paris last summer. whom that Ø whom that Ø I met in Paris last summer

The boy whom I met in Paris last summer is here. that Ø The boy whom I met in Paris last summer is here. that Ø

This is the van. I rented it last week. object of a verb Accusative case: “it” is the object of a verb in the sentence. Accusative case: “the van” is not the subject of the sentence.

This is the van. it I rented last week. which that Ø which that Ø I rented last week.

This is the van which I rented last week. that Ø

Replacing (her, his, their, its) _________whose (…)______________

For the subject _________who_____________ _________that_____________

For the subject _________which_____________ _________that_____________

For the object of a verb _________whom_____________ _________that_____________ __________ Ø _______________

For the object of a verb _________which_____________ _________that_____________ __________ Ø _______________

For the object of a preposition _________whom_____________ from _________that _____________ from __________ Ø _______________ from _________from whom_____________

For the object of a preposition _________which_____________ from _________that _____________ from __________ Ø _______________ from _________from which_____________

Relative Clauses, Relative Pronouns In each question below combine the two simple sentences into one complex sentence. Use sentence (a) as the main clause and sentence (b) as the relative clause. Give ALL possible forms of the complex sentence (Omit the relative pronoun and use Ø if possible.)

a) I talked to the girl. b) Her car had broken down in front of the shop. _____________________________________

a) I talked to the girl. b) Her car had broken down in front of the shop. I talked to the girl whose car had broken down in front of the shop.

a) Where is the applicant? b) We urgently need his services. _____________________________________

a) Where is the applicant? b) We urgently need his services. Where is the applicant whose services we urgently need ?

a) Mr. Brown is a taxi driver. b) He lives on the corner. ________________________________ ________________________________

a) Mr. Brown is a taxi driver. b) He lives on the corner. 1.Mr. Brown who lives on the corner is a taxi driver. 2. Mr. Brown that lives on the corner is a taxi driver.

a) Where is the man? b) He ordered coffee. ________________________________ ________________________________

a) Where is the man? b) He ordered coffee. 1. Where is the man who ordered coffee? 2. Where is the man that ordered coffee?

a) The car is very fast. b) It was manufactured in Italy. ________________________________ ________________________________

a) The car is very fast. b) It was manufactured in Italy. 1. The car which was manufactured in Italy is very fast. 2. The car that was manufactured in Italy is very fast.

a) The apple is now inedible. b) It fell behind the table five days ago. ________________________________ ________________________________

a) The apple is now inedible. b) It fell behind the table five days ago. 1. The apple which fell behind the table five days ago is now inedible. 2. The apple that fell behind the table five days ago is now inedible.

a) The tourist comes from Italy. b) We met her in Petra last summer. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

a) The tourist comes from Italy. b) We met her in Petra last summer. 1.The tourist whom we met in Petra last summer comes from Italy. 2. The tourist that we met in Petra last summer comes from Italy. 3. The tourist Ø we met in Petra last summer comes from Italy.

a) The robot needs a new program. b) That scientist built it last month. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

1. The robot which that scientist built last month needs a new program. 2. The robot that scientist built last month needs a new program. 3. The robot Ø that scientist built last month needs a new program.

a) Where is the bottle of Coke? b) I bought the bottle this morning. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

a) Where is the bottle of Coke? b) I bought the bottle this morning. ________________________________________ _________ 1. Where is the bottle of Coke which I bought this morning ? 2. Where is the bottle of Coke that I bought this morning ? 3. Where is the bottle of Coke Ø I bought this morning ?

a) The woman works at my office. b) You are talking about her. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

a) The woman works at my office. b) You are talking about her. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ 1. The woman whom you are talking about works at my office. 2. The woman that you are talking about works at my office. 3. The woman Ø you are talking about works at my office. 4. The woman about whom you are talking works at my office.

a) The book is on the upper shelf. b) I hid her letter in it. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

a) The book is on the upper shelf. b) I hid her letter in it. _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ 1. The book which I hid her letter in is on the upper shelf. 2. The book that I hid her letter in is on the upper shelf. 3. The book Ø I hid her letter in is on the upper shelf. 4. The book in which I hid her letter is on the upper shelf.

I thanked the woman. She helps me all the time.

I thanked the woman who helps me all the time. that

Mr. Hani gave us an exam. It lasted one hour.

He gave us an exam which lasted one hour. that

I borrowed these books to do research for my thesis. They are more than 200 pages long.

I borrowed these books which are more than 200 pages long to do research for my thesis. I borrowed these books that are more than 200 pages long to do research for my thesis.

The students are from China. I know them.

The students whom I know are from China. that Ø

The movie was good. We watched it together last Friday.

The movie which / that / Ø we watched together last Friday was good.

I still have that book. I borrowed it last month.

I still have that book which / that / Ø I borrowed last month. I still have that book. I borrowed it last month.

Use who, which, that, Ø, or whose : ( Write all possible answers) 1 - Where is the bottle of Coke ………I bought this morning? 2 - I talked to the girl ………………car had crashed in front of the shop. 3 - Mr. Jones, …………………… is a taxi driver, lives near the corner. 4 - He cleaned the car …………… had an accident. 5 - What did you do with the money ………. your mother lent you?

(Ahmad, the boy/ the man) whom /that/ Ø Note!!!!!

(The cat, the car, the fish) which /that / Ø Note!!!!!

whom / that / Ø ( I /the man / he / your brother) (as object pronouns) Note!!!!!

whom / that / Ø (as object pronouns)... No verb ……. comes after them Note!!!!!

which/ that / Ø (as object pronouns)..... No verb comes after them Note!!!!!

who/ that (as subject pronouns)..... No noun or pronoun comes after them. Note!!!!!

which/ that (as subject pronouns)..... No noun or pronoun comes after them. Note!!!!!

who as an object relative pronoun is INFORMAL. Don’t use it. Please only use whom / that / Ø as object relative pronouns. Note!!!!!

That is the boy ( who - whom – that - Ø ) I saw helping the old lady.

That is the boy ( who - whom - that - Ø ) told me that he helped the old lady.

Miss Raghad, ( who - whom - Ø ) is a dentist, lives on the corner.

This is the girl (who - whom - that - Ø ) comes from Spain.

That's Mohammad, the boy (who - whom - that - Ø ) has just arrived at the airport.

Deema is the girl (who - whom - that - Ø ) I met on Friday.

The waiter (who - whom - that - Ø ) we gave the tip was very pleased.

The pupils (who - whom - that - Ø ) he was speaking to were very noisy.

The man (who - whom - that - Ø ) you saw yesterday is my uncle.

A friend (who - whom - that - Ø) I have been expecting for two hours hasn’t arrived yet.

The boy bag was stolen is over there. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

The man interviewed you is the boss. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

The man wanted to see you left a few minutes ago. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

The man house was robbed has arrived. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

Reem has lost the paper she had written your phone number on. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

-Where are the young ladies called for the taxi? [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

The man..... answered the phone was rather rude. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

The people ………… moved in next door seem very friendly [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

The film, director is Al Aqqad, won many international prizes. [ ] who [ ] which [ ] whose [ ] whom

CHAPTER 12 Adjective Clauses I End of Part One Mr. Hani M. Al-Tahrawi Eng-112 December, 2012