Facial Bone Anatomy & Positioning RTEC 233 Week 6 FINAL

Anterior Aspect of Facial Bones 6 paired facial bones 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 2 single bones 7) 8) 4 3 2 1 7 7 5 8

Palatine Bones L-shaped bones _________ portion forms posterior hard palate _______ portion extends between 1maxillae and 1 pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 4 facial bones

Zygomatic Bones Forms ________ Forms lower outer margin of _______ Articulates with 3 cranial bones 1) 2) 3) Articulates with maxillae

Inferior Nasal Cochae The only pair of conchae that are _______ facial bones Articulates with 1) 2) 3) 4) Covered with mucous membranes to: ______________________________________________

Lacrimal Bones About the size & shape of a fingernail Lacrimal foramen for tear duct Lie anteriorly on the medial side of orbit Can be seen on PA and lateral projections Articulates with 2 cranial bones and 2 facial bones

Nasal Bones Fused and form bridge of nose Vary in size considerably The point of junction with the frontal bone is the nasion Articulates with 2 cranial and 2 facial bones

Vomer Forms inferosuperior part of nasal septum Deviated nasal septum Depressions for blood vessels Articulates with 2 cranial bones & 4 facial bones

Mandible Only _______ bone in the skull ________& largest facial bone ___bones at birth Contains ______foramina

Pathologic Indications for Facial Radiography Fractures Blowout Tripod LeFort Coutrecoup Foreign Body Osteomyelitis Neoplasms Secondary Osteomyelitis TMJ Syndrome

Sample Fractures

Tripod Fractures

Tripod Fracture

LeFort Fractures

Lefort 2

Foreign Body

Osteomyelitis

TMJ syndrome

TMJ Syndrome

Positioning: Lateral Facial bones CR is perpendicular enters lateral zygomatic bone ½ way between outer canthus and EAM.

Lateral Facial Radiograph All facial bones in with zygomatic bone in center Almost SI mandibular rami SI orbital roofs (no tilt) No rotation of sella turcica

Positioning: Waters CR perpendicular to exit acanthion

Waters Radiograph Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses

Reverse Waters CR perpendicular and enters acanthion

Reverse Waters Radiograph Distance from lateral border of skull and orbit equal on each side Petrous ridges projected immediately below maxillary sinuses

Modified Waters CR perpendicular and exits acanthion

Modified Waters Radiograph Petrous ridges projected immediately below the inferior border of the orbits Equal distance from lateral orbit to lateral skull on both sides

PA Axial - Caldwell CR 15 caudal to exit nasion

PA Axial- Caldwell Radiograph Equal distance from lat skull to lat orbit Symmetric petrous ridges in lower 1/3 orbit Penetration of frontal bone without excessive density at lateral borders of skull.

Lateral Nasal Bones CR perpendicular to the bridge of nose at a point 1” distal to the nasion

Lateral Nasal bones Radiograph No rotation of nasal bone and soft tissue Anterior nasal spine and frontonasal suture evident Close collimation