English 8 Short Story Unit Terminology s-story.

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Presentation transcript:

English 8 Short Story Unit Terminology s-story

PLOT Plot is the framework of a story The bones without the meat

The Framework Exposition Rising Action Climax Falling Action Resolution

Exposition The beginning of the story We learn the following things: *Who the story is about (CHARACTERS) *Where & When the story takes place (SETTING) *What the problem is (CONFLICT) Exposition

*Who the story is about: CHARACTERS We meet the protagonist or main character …Not always necessarily the good guy. Bad guys can be protagonists too!

Sometimes we meet the antagonist, or character who opposes the protagonist.

We meet other characters who are important to the story. We’ll talk more about Character in a later lesson…

*Where & When the story takes place: SETTING The setting tells us where and when the story takes place.

When and Where?

When?

When and Where?

What the problem is: CONFLICT The conflict is the main problem that the protagonist has. We’ll talk more about Conflict in a later lesson…

Let’s Recap… The Exposition includes: – The characters – The setting – The conflict

The Rising Action Exposition Rising Action The Rising Action is a series of setbacks the protagonist faces on his/her way. Setbacks may be complications, problems, or any event that moves the story along.

Can you name 3 Rising Action points in Disney’s Cinderella? The messenger brings news that the prince is hosting a ball. The wicked stepmother forces Cinderella to do even more chores around the mansion. The mice make Cinderella’s dress. The stepsisters destroy the dress. The Fairy Godmother grants Cinderella’s wish. Etc.

The Climax Exposition Rising Action Climax  The climax is the turning point  It is the point when we know how the story will end.  It is found close to the end of the story!

In Disney’s Cinderella, when is the Climax??? When the glass slipper fits, we know that she will marry the prince and live happily ever after!

Falling Action & Resolution Exposition Rising Action Climax Falling Action Resolution  The Falling Action is the next point in the plot.  The Resolution wraps up any loose ends.

In Cinderella The Falling Action is when Cinderella and the Prince get married The Resolution is when they live happily ever after!

CONFLICT NOTES Conflicts are either Internal or External

External Conflicts:  Sometimes the antagonist is the problem  Sometimes the problem can be the environment.

Internal Conflicts:  Sometimes the problem is inside the protagonist’s mind

Character - basic personality traits and habits; persons or creatures involved in the plot of a story Character is revealed or developed by......what a character says....what a character does....what other characters say about the character....what the author says directly about the character.

1. Protagonist - the main character whose activities are central to the plot, or the character who the story focuses (Ex: Cinderella) 2. Antagonist - the character(s) who act in opposition to the protagonist. The antagonist need not always be an actual person but may be a group, the setting or other forces (Ex: Stepmother)

3. Round Character - a character whose personality includes several aspects which are revealed (Ex: Stepsisters, Jacques the mouse) OR 4. Flat Character - a character whose personality is only partially developed (Ex: Prince Charming, Fairy Godmother) ????????

5. Static Character - a character who remains the same throughout the story, who doesn’t change or learn anything (eg. Lucifer the cat, Stepmother, Cinderella) OR 6. Dynamic Character - a character who learns something and as a result changes during the story (eg. King) ??????

Theme -the underlying beliefs, ideas, and opinions which an author tries to present to his audience by means of fiction - it is NOT what happens in the story, and it is NOT stated directly - it is the moral or message the author is ultimately trying to ‘teach’ us

Point of View First Person Point of View - story is told in the First person (“I”) - the author himself is a character

Objective Point of View -story is told in the Third person (“He,” “They,” “Paul,” “Alexa,” “Mrs. Schinkel,” “my brother”) -story is told by someone who is observing or is on the fringes of the story, like a fly on the wall or roaming movie camera

Omniscient Point of View - story told by author in the Third person - knowledge available is unlimited; thoughts and feelings of ALL characters are known. Limited Omniscient Point of View - story told by author in the Third person - story told from viewpoint of ONE character - this form is much like a real life situation

Irony Verbal irony - sarcastic comment or figure of speech Situational irony - when circumstances turn out differently from what is expected. **Alanis Morissette’s “Ironic”