Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Seventh Edition Elaine N. Marieb Chapter 5 Axial Skeletal Intro and Skull pgs 119, , etc

Skeleton= 206 total bones Axial= 80 bones “axis” Axial= 80 bones “axis” skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, hyoid, middle ear bones skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage, hyoid, middle ear bones Appendicular = 126 bones “hangs off” Appendicular = 126 bones “hangs off” pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, lower limbs Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Axial Skeleton (in green) Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 Figure 5.12

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 Fontanel Soft spot between bones, where ossification has not been completed Suture Interlocking line of union between bones fontanel suture

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 Paranasal sinus for passage of blood vessels and nerves

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 (articulates with another bone)

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 for muscle attachment

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 for muscle attachment and articulates with another bone

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 for muscle attachment

Slide 5.20b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.6 articulates with another bone

Skull bones= cranial + facial bones 8 Cranial Bones 14 Facial Bones Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings

1 Frontal bone (anterior view) Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11 (superior view) Cranial Bones

1 Frontal bone 2 frontal (paranasal) sinuses Slide 5.25a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.10

1 Occipital bone (lateral view) Slide 5.21b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.7 (superior view) (posterior view)

1 Occipital bone (superior view of skull’s base) (superior view of skull’s base) Slide 5.23 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings (inferior view) Opening for nerves & blood vessels of brainstem to enter skull Articulates with C1 (atlas) vertebrae

2 Temporal bones (lateral view) Slide 5.21b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.7 (inferior view) Attachment for neck muscles Attachment for tongue & pharynx muscles

1 Ethmoid bone Slide 5.23 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings (superior view of skull’s base) (anterior view) Makes up part of septum

1 Ethmoid bone 2 ethmoid (paranasal) sinuses Slide 5.25a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.10

1 Sphenoid bone, superior view of skull’s base Slide 5.23 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.8 (Turk’s saddle) Pituitary gland sits in it

1 Sphenoid bone, anterior view Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11 Supraorbital foramen

1 Sphenoid bone 1 Sphenoid bone 2 sphenoid (paranasal) sinuses Slide 5.25a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.10

2 Parietal bones, lateral view Slide 5.21b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.7

2 Parietal bones, (superior view) Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings posterior anterior (inferior view)

Bones of the Skull 14 Facial bones and their markings Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11

Maxillary bones (anterior view) Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11 Supraorbital foramen Infraorbital foramen Blood vessels & nerves pass through

Maxillary bones, inferior view Slide 5.24 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.9

2 Maxillary bones 2 maxillary (paranasal) sinuses Slide 5.25a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.10

1 Mandible, anterior view Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11 Supraorbital foramen

1 Mandible (lateral view) Slide 5.25a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.10 Coronoid process Mandibular condyle (condylar process) Mandible “moveable” Articulates with temporal bone Attachment for chewing muscles

2 Zygomatic bones, anterior view Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11 Supraorbital foramen

2 Palatine bones, Inferior View Slide 5.24 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.9

Other facial bones Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.11 Supraorbital foramen Contains tear duct

Sutures of the skull Slide 5.21b Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.7

Sutures of the skull Slide 5.22 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings posterior anterior Coronal suture Sagittal suture Lambdoidal suture

Fontanels of the fetal skull Slide 5.27a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.13

4 Paranasal Sinuses Slide 5.25a Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.10

The Hyoid Bone Slide 5.26 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 5.12 Ear Bones Doesn’t articulate with other bones

Homeostatic Imbalances Slide 5.26 Copyright © 2003 Pearson Education, Inc. publishing as Benjamin Cummings Deviated septumCleft palate TMJSinusitis sinusitis

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