1. Axial Skeleton
Chapter 7

2. Appendicular (yellow) – 126 bones
Skeleton
206 Bones
Axial (blue) – 80 Bones
Appendicular (yellow) – 126 bones

3. Types of Bones

4. Bone Surface Markings

5. Axial Skeleton 80 bones Skull: 28 Hyoid: 1 Vertebrae: 26 Ribs: 24
Sternum: 1
Axial Skeleton is shaded blue

6. Skull Skull: cranial and facial bones Cranial (8) Facial Bones (14)
frontal
parietal (2)
temporal (2)
occipital
sphenoid
ethmoid
Facial Bones (14)
nasal (2)
palatine (2)
maxilla (2)
zygomatic (2)
mandible
vomer
lacrimal (2)
inferior nasal conchae (2)

7. Frontal
Coronal Suture
Frontal
Lambdoidal Suture
Squamous Suture

8. Frontal Sagittal Suture Frontal Glabella Supraorbital Margin
Supraorbital Foramen

9. Frontal
Frontal

10. Parietal
Parietal

11. Temporal Squamous region zygomatic process mandibular fossa
Petrous region
internal acoustic meatus
styloid process
carotid canal
jugular foramen
Tympanic region
external acoustic meatus
Mastoid region
mastoid process

12. Temporal

13. Temporal Temporal Zygomatic Process External Acoustic Meatus
Mastoid Process
Styloid Process

14. Temporal
Carotid Canal
Internal Acoustic Meatus
Jugular Foramen

15. Temporal Zygomatic Process Carotid Canal Mandibular Fossa
External Acoustic Meatus
Styloid Process
Mastoid Process
Jugular Foramen

16. Occipital
Occipital

17. Occipital
Occipital
Superior view
Posterior view

18. Occipital Foramen Magnum Occipital Condyle
External Occipital Protuberance

19. Occipital
Foramen Magnum

20. Sphenoid
Sphenoid

21. Sphenoid Optic foramen Lesser Wing GreaterWing Sella Turcica
Foramen Ovale

22. Sphenoid
Pterygoid processes
Foramen Ovale

23. Sphenoid

24. Sphenoid

25. Ethmoid
Ethmoid

26. Ethmoid
Ethmoid

27. Ethmoid
Crista galli
Cribriform plate
Olfactory foramina

28. Ethmoid

29. Nasal
Nasal

30. Nasal
Nasal

31. Palatine
Palatine

32. Maxilla
Infraorbital foramen
Maxilla
Alveolar process(margin)

33. Maxilla
Maxilla

34. Maxilla
Incisive foramen
Palatine process

35. Zygomatic
Zygomatic
Temporal Process

36. Zygomatic
Zygomatic

37. Mandible Coronoid process Mandibular condyle Alveolar Margin Mandible
Body
Mandibular Ramus
Mental Foramen

38. Mandible

39. Vomer
Vomer

40. Vomer
Vomer

41. Lacrimal
Lacrimal fossa
Lacrimal

42. Inferior Nasal Conchae

43. Bones of the Orbit

44. Sinuses

45. Foramina of the Skull

46. Fontanels of the Fetal Skull

47. Hyoid
No articulations
Suspended from
styloid process
by ligaments

48. Vertebral Column

49. Cervical Vertebrae (7)

50. Cervical Vertebrae
C1 – Atlas
C2 – Axis
C3 – C7

51. Thoracic Vertebrae (12)

52. Thoracic Vertebrae (1-12)

53. Lumbar Vertebrae (5)

54. Lumbar Vertebrae (1-5)

55. Comparison of Vertebrae

56. Articulated Vertebrae

57. Herniated Disc

58. Spinal Conditions

59. Sacrum and Coccyx
Sacrum - 5 fused
Coccyx - 4 fused

60. Sternum

61. Ribs

62. Rib articulations