Ch2 Sec2 Models of Earth

Key Concepts How do maps and globes represent Earth’s surface? What reference lines are used to locate points on Earth? What are three common map projections?

Key Terms Map Globe Scale Symbol Key Degree Equator Hemisphere Prime meridian Latitude Longitude Map projection

Ch2 Sec2 Map: is a flat model of all or part of Earth’s surface as seen from above Globe: is a sphere that represents Earth’s entire surface Maps and globes are drawn to scale and use symbols to represent topography and other features on Earth’s surface Scale: relates distance on a map to a distance on Earth’s a surface Symbols: mapmakers use shapes and pictures Key: or legend, is a list of all the symbols used on the map with an explanation of their meaning

Ch2 Sec2 Two of the lines that make up the grid, the equator and prime meridian, are the baselines for measuring distances on Earth’s surface Degree: is 1/360 of the distance around a circle Equator: forms an imaginary line that circles Earth Hemisphere: is one half of the sphere that makes up Earth’s surface Prime meridian: makes a half circle from the North Pole to the South Pole

Ch2 Sec2 The lines of latitude and longitude form a grid that can be used to find locations anywhere on earth Latitude: the equator is the starting line for measuring Longitude: the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian

Ch2 Sec2 Map projection: is a framework of lines that helps in transferring points on Earth’s 3- dimensional surface onto a flat map Three common map projections are the Mercator projection, the Equal-Area projection, and the Conic projection