1. 1.2 Maps and globes are models of earth

2. Maps and globes are models of Earth
Maps: flat model of earth’s surface.
Globes have a sphere shape
showing relative sizes and
shapes of earth’s land
features and waters.

3. Land features on a map Relief maps show high and low features.
Shows 3 main land features: mountains, plains, and plateaus.
Mapmaker uses satellites
and photo images to build
a 3D view of Earth’s surface.
How would a traveler benefit from using a relief map vs a globe?

4. Mountains Mountain range :group of mountains connected in a
long chain forming a
mountain belt.

5. Plateaus and Plains
Plateaus have fairly leveled surfaces but stand above sea level, usually found near large
mountain ranges.
Plains are fairly flat
features.

6. Scale and Symbols on Maps
Map scale relates distances on a map to actual distances on Earth’s surface.
Scale can be expressed as a ratio, a bar, or equivalent units of distance.
What are the 3 types of features shown on a relief map?

7. Scale and Symbols on Maps
1:25,000 : means that 1 inch on the map represents 25,000 miles.

8. Scale and Symbols on Maps
Map legend or a map key: explain the symbols used on a map.
Compass rose: show directions North, South, East, West.

9. Latitude and Longitude show locations on Earth.
Are used to locate any
point on Earth.
They form an imaginary
grid over the Earth’s
surface.

10. Latitude
Equator: imaginary line dividing the Earth into northern and southern hemispheres.
Latitude: distance in degrees
north or south of the equator.
A hemisphere is half of a sphere.

11. Longitude
Prime Meridian: imaginary line stretching from North Pole to South Pole.
Longitude: the distance in
degree east or west of the
prime meridian.

12. Global Positioning System
The Global Positioning System (GPS):network of satellites used to find places
on the Earth.
24 satellites circle the Earth and
send signals.
How can GPS help someone find their exact location.

13. Map projections distort the view of Earth’s surface.
A projection: represents Earth’s curved surface on a flat map.
3 main kinds of projections:
1.Cylindrical Projection
2.Conic Projection
3.Planar Projection
What does this mean?
What does distort mean?
Give me a few examples of things that can be distorted.
Why do you think mapmakers use projections when they know they distort Earth?

14. 1. Cylindrical Projection
Also called Mercator projection which is based on the shape of the cylinder.
Useful for areas close to the equator.
Problem with it: areas far away from the equator appear larger than
they really are.
Look at Greenland, it looks larger than South America, when in all reality, South America is 8 times larger than Greenland. Page 21

15. 2. Conic Projection Are based on the shape of a cone.
Are more true to some land masses because of the curve in the longitude and latitude lines.
Are more useful when mapping landmasses in middle latitudes like
United States.
What does it mean by middle latitude?

16. 3. Planar Projections Useful for plotting ocean or air voyages.
Also showing the North and South polar regions.
Landmasses away from the
center point are distorted.
The Mercator, conic, and planar are all attempts showing Earth on a flat surface.

17. Look at Greenland, it looks larger than South America, when in all reality, South America is 8 times larger than Greenland. Page 21