Technical Meeting on Milestones for nuclear power infrastructure development Radiation Protection Khammar Mrabit Head, Regulatory Infrastructure and Transport Safety Section Division of Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety Department of Nuclear Safety & Security

Content Background. Radiation Protection in the three phases NG-G-3.1 Agency Strategy in radiation protection: Model Project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure. Conclusion. K.M. TMM November 2007

Content Background. Radiation Protection in the three phases NG-G-3.1 Agency Strategy in radiation protection: Model Project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure. Conclusion K.M. TMM November 2007

IAEA Safety Functions (Radiation, Transport and Waste Safety) IAEA functions in radiation safety (Article III.A.6) to establish standards of safety to facilitate and service international conventions and other undertakings to provide for the application of international standards K.M. TMM November 2007

Hierarchy of Safety Standards underlying principles - aimed at decision makers and regulatory bodies Fundamentals specify obligations and responsibilities (“shall” statements) Requirements Guides recommendations to support requirements (“should” statements) K.M. TMM November 2007

Safety Standards & National Legislative & Regulatory Framework Fundamentals National Legislation National Safety Regulations Requirements National Regulatory Guides The hierarchy of the Safety Standards developed by the IAEA is As follows: At the top is the Safety Fundamentals which present the basic objective, concepts and principles for safety. The Safety Fundamentals were used as the basis for the development of the nuclear Safety Convention and the Joint Convention on the Safety of Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel. The fundamentals are followed by Safety Requirements that must be met to ensure safety. They provide the basis for national laws and regulations. Each safety requirement is supplemented by a number of Safety Guides which present recommended actions for meeting the Safety Requirements. Safety guides are comparable to national regulatory guides. In principle safety requirements and guides reflect the best practices of the Member States. The Safety Standards need to be complemented by national infrastructures and industry standards. IAEA also develops other safety related publications in support of the standards. Guides K.M. TMM November 2007

Character of Safety Standards Not legally binding on Member States, but may be adopted by them Binding on IAEA’s own activities Binding on States in relation to operations & projects assisted by the IAEA K.M. TMM November 2007

Provisions for the application of standards international mechanisms for applying standards Rendering radiation safety services Providing technical assistance Fostering information exchange Promoting education & training Coordinating Networking, KM and R&D K.M. TMM November 2007

Content Background. Radiation Protection in the three phases NG-G-3.1 Agency Strategy in radiation protection: Model Project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure. Conclusion. K.M. TMM November 2007

An understanding of the additional hazards presented Radiation protection: Milestone 1 — Ready to make a knowledgeable commitment to a nuclear programme An understanding of the additional hazards presented by NPPs over and above those posed by medical, industrial and research applications of ionizing radiation. K.M. TMM November 2007

Radiation protection: Milestone 2 — Ready to invite bids for the first nuclear power plant Reviewing existing laws governing radiation protection and ensuring that legislation needed for enhancement has been promulgated; Development of specific regulations by the regulatory body; Planning by the owner/operator for programmes for worker, public and environmental monitoring and protection; Identification of specific challenges for environmental monitoring at the chosen site, and development of plans to resolve them; Characterization and measurement of background sources of radiation at the site. K.M. TMM November 2007

Fully implemented site environmental monitoring programme; Radiation protection: Milestone 3 — Ready to commission and operate the first NPP Radiation monitoring equipment in place and operational both on and off-site; Fully implemented site environmental monitoring programme; Functioning off-site radiation monitoring programmes; Radiation dosimetry requirements in place for all workers; Development of programmes to optimize radiation exposure during plant operation and maintenance; & Waste management capabilities in place. K.M. TMM November 2007

Content Background. Radiation Protection in the three phases NG-G-3.1 Agency Strategy in radiation protection: Model Project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure. Conclusion. K.M. TMM November 2007

Model Project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure Vision Effective & sustainable radiation protection infrastructure in Member Sates. Objectives (1994): To assist Member States to comply with the International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources & related standards. Requirements in five milestones K.M. TMM November 2007

Scope:Milestones/Thematic Safety Areas (TSAs) THEMATIC SAFETY AREA 1: NATIONAL REGULATORY INFRASTRUCTURE FOR THE CONTROL OF RADIATION SOURCES THEMATIC SAFETY AREA 2: PROTECTION OF WORKERS OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED TO IONIZING RADIATION THEMATIC SAFETY AREA 3: MEDICAL EXPOSURE CONTROL THEMATIC SAFETY AREA 4: PUBLIC RADIATION EXPOSURE CONTROL THEMATIC SAFETY AREA 5: PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE TO RADIATION EMERGENCIES K.M. TMM November 2007

21 in Europe 15 in LA 30 in Africa Member States Participating In The Model Project 91 participating countries in 2004 21 in Europe 25 in Asia (E&W) 15 in LA 30 in Africa K.M. TMM November 2007

Capacity building: Training, coordination and expertise (1994-2004) Region Number of participants in training courses Number of fellowships Number scientific Visits Number of assignments by IAEA Staff Number of assignments by international experts and lecturers Number of assignments by national consultants Number of participants in meetings and workshops Interregional 114 38 253 165 1 171 Africa 887 146 41 122 166 44 206 East Asia & Pacific 988 183 49 113 175 25 118 Europe 1319 60 111 161 308 37 292 Latin America 570 81 8 98 349 46 137 West Asia 955 287 57 238 21 169 TOTAL 4719 871 304 861 1401 174 1093 K.M. TMM November 2007

Progress Achieved for Milestone 1: Regulatory infrastructure 87 out of 91 About 60% had achieved the regulatory level of compliance presumed in the Preamble to the BSS K.M. TMM November 2007

Content Background. Radiation Protection in the three phases NG-G-3.1 Agency Strategy in radiation protection: Model Project on upgrading radiation protection infrastructure. Conclusion. K.M. TMM November 2007

Conclusion Vision and proactive strategy for effective & sustainable radiation protection infrastructure; Substantial progress has been made through the Model Project & its follow up projects; K.M. TMM November 2007

Conclusion (cont’d) Commitment at the national levels for continuous improvement and sustainability; and Development and strengthening of regional expertise, networking and sharing of knowledge and experience. K.M. TMM November 2007

E-mail: K.Mrabit@iaea.org Thank you! E-mail: K.Mrabit@iaea.org K.M. TMM November 2007