PLANT TISSUES
1) Dermal Tissue Form outermost layer of plant (like the skin) Protects plant Allows substances in and out through the stomata (will discuss details later)
2) Vascular Tissue Makes the transport system that moves minerals, water and other chemicals around plant (like circulatory system) 2 types of vascular tissue Xylem transports water and minerals UP from roots Made up of dead tissue basically hollow tubes Phloem transports water and sugar produced by photosynthesis up and down Made up of living tissue
3) Ground Tissue Form the bulk of the plant Wide variety of functions: **Where photosynthesis occurs** Provide structural support Storage
In root
In Stem
copy from pg.130 into notes
Tissues Working Together Plants need to perform photosynthesis CO 2 + H 2 O + light energy C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2 Plants need to be able to get reactants (carbon dioxide and water) to the chloroplasts!
Light Chloroplasts: located in palisade layer and spongy mesophyll Palisade layer: closely packed to capture light Spongy mesophyll: loosely packed to allow movement of gases
Carbon Dioxide Enter through stomata and then move through spongy mesophyll
Water Water is absorbed into roots (via root hairs) Water is transported from roots to leaves by xylem Waxy cuticle and stomata prevent too much water loss
STOMATA Openings in the dermal tissue that: Control amount of CO 2 entering leaf. Control amount of water lost
Opening and Closing: Each stoma is bordered by two guard cells
Able to open and close by changes in amount of water in guard cells Water flows in to guard cells, they swell and it causes stoma to open Water flows out from guard cells, they shrink and it causes stoma to close
Factors Affecting Stomatal Opening As Water Loss increases stomata close Carbon dioxide concentration increasesstomata close Light: stomata open in light and close in dark Temperatures higher then 30 0 C to 35 0 C result in stomata closing Also show a daily rhythm