CHAPTER 6: DUEL FOR AMERICA By Pam Kumparatana and Nikola Koscica

Early French moves in the New World King Louis XIV promoted French oversea colonies Samuel Champlain, founded the 1 st settlement in New France (present-day Canada), called Quebec Samuel Champlain, founded the 1 st settlement in New France (present-day Canada), called Quebec France made allies with the Huron Tribe, and attacked the Iroquois. France made allies with the Huron Tribe, and attacked the Iroquois. The King and his appointed magistrate ruled the colony The King and his appointed magistrate ruled the colony New France was populated slowly New France was populated slowly

Other Early French moves... The first French to migrate out New France were the Acadians. The first French to migrate out New France were the Acadians. The Acadians moved east to settle in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward island and parts of Maine. The Acadians moved east to settle in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward island and parts of Maine England starts to deport the Acadians from these areas England starts to deport the Acadians from these areas.

F U R ! ! Voyageurs: - French fur hunters/traders - mostly hunted the beaver (almost to the brink of extinction) - recruited natives to help them hunt for furs - introduced alcohol to the Native Tribes, and violated their beliefs Jesuits: - wanted to save the Natives from the French by converting them to Christianity - some were tortured and killed by the Native Americans.

The French explore Antoine Cadillac establishes Detroit Robert de La Salle, discovers the Mississippi basin, and names it Louisiana (5 years later he was killed by his own crew) Fort New Orleans is constructed Grain is sailed south from New France to New Orleans, then to West Indies or Europe New Orleans rapidly becomes a trade center

1713- Peace terms signed at Utrecht gave away French Nova Scotia, New Foundland, and the area around Hudson Bay to England 2 of the wars were called the “King’s William’s War”( ) and “Queen Anne’s War” ( ) France and Spain fought against England Indians and settlers would burn and raid enemy towns and establishments

The War of the Jenkins’s Ear (1739) Was first fought between Spain and England, in Florida, Georgia, and the Caribbean (1742), merged with the war of the War of the Austrian Succession, and France entered the war on the Spanish side. War of the Austrian Succession Britain won, but returned all lands it confiscated in the war to its enemies. This moved angered the Americans.

Pre- French and Indian War A.Ohio Valley a. The Americans wanted it, as a place to settle a. The Americans wanted it, as a place to settle b. The French needed it as a vital connection to Louisiana b. The French needed it as a vital connection to Louisiana B.George Washington a. sent to patrol Ohio valley with 150 men a. sent to patrol Ohio valley with 150 men b. found a deployment of French soldiers and attacks them. b. found a deployment of French soldiers and attacks them. C.Defeat a. fearing a counter attack, George Washington retreats to Fort Necessity a. fearing a counter attack, George Washington retreats to Fort Necessity b. He is surrounded by the French and surrenders b. He is surrounded by the French and surrenders c. he is captured but is released soon after c. he is captured but is released soon after

-This war originated in Europe where England and Prussia fought against France, Spain, Austria, and Russia The Americans were ready to charge into New France and claim their land. They gave the Iroquois weapons, and made them their allies English General Braddock was sent to the colonies to provide military support.

British losses and the Organizer of Victory A. Setbacks A. Setbacks a. General Braddock fights one battle, loses and is killed in the fighting. a. General Braddock fights one battle, loses and is killed in the fighting. b. The French counterattack and start to burn villages b. The French counterattack and start to burn villages c. This left George Washington and a few American soldiers to defend the colonies c. This left George Washington and a few American soldiers to defend the colonies d Brittan’s invasion of New France fails d Brittan’s invasion of New France fails e. 1757, William Pitt becomes the Secretly of State in England e. 1757, William Pitt becomes the Secretly of State in England B. William Pitt, the Great Organizer of victory B. William Pitt, the Great Organizer of victory a. transferred English soldiers from the West Indies to New France a. transferred English soldiers from the West Indies to New France b. replaced old generals with new ones b. replaced old generals with new ones c. 1758, Battle of Louisburg, turning point and first decisive English victory of the war c. 1758, Battle of Louisburg, turning point and first decisive English victory of the war d. English General James Wolfe, defeats and surrounds the French at Quebec d. English General James Wolfe, defeats and surrounds the French at Quebec C. Aftermath a. Louisiana is given to Spain a. Louisiana is given to Spain b. Florida and New France (Canada) becomes English b. Florida and New France (Canada) becomes English

Despite the Proclamation, settlers and explores still went pass the Appalachian mountains Daniel Bonne begins to explore Tennessee and Kentucky Despite the Proclamation, settlers and explores still went pass the Appalachian mountains Daniel Bonne begins to explore Tennessee and Kentucky The treaty of Paris (1763) gave away Native American land without their permission. Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa tribe, begins his campaign to free Ohio Valley from British rule. (he kills 2,000 settlers and destroys all but 3 of the British forts in Ohio valley) Proclamation of prohibited the Americans from settling past the Appalachian mountains - It was meant to protect the colonist and try to resolve the dispute with the Natives - It was meant to protect the colonist and try to resolve the dispute with the Natives - what it really did was anger the colonists who wanted to move west - what it really did was anger the colonists who wanted to move west