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1.What is poetry? 2.How is poetry different from prose? 3.How do authors use stylistic devices to affect the emotions of their readers? 4.How does the performance of poetry affect its meaning? 5.How can poetry be used as a tool for social justice?

Webster’s Dictionary: “Imaginative language or composition, whether expressed rhythmically or in prose.” Webster’s Dictionary: “Imaginative language or composition, whether expressed rhythmically or in prose.” Samuel Taylor Coleridge: “For poetry is the blossom and the fragrance of all human knowledge, human thoughts, human passions, emotions, language.” Samuel Taylor Coleridge: “For poetry is the blossom and the fragrance of all human knowledge, human thoughts, human passions, emotions, language.” Audre Lorde: “The difference between poetry and rhetoric / is being / ready to kill / yourself / instead of your children.” Audre Lorde: “The difference between poetry and rhetoric / is being / ready to kill / yourself / instead of your children.”

Prose is a starting pitcher with a game plan. He pitches to each batter differently each time up. His game is full of little dramas: impending catastrophe, escape, tension building, subsiding, building again Poetry is a one-inning reliever-- a fireballer, a screwballer, a pitcher with a slider that batters flick their bats at as it breaks a foot outside in the dirt Prose is a boxer: jabbing, moving, slipping, stinging, wearing his opponent down. Poetry is a knockout punch; the big left hook that is carried on all the highlight films Prose is a song; poetry is a guitar lick every kid can yow-yow with his mouth Prose is the Mona Lisa; poetry is the smile.

Types of Poems Types of Poems Sonnet Sonnet Lyric Lyric Ballad Ballad Elegy Elegy Epic Epic Idyll Idyll Pastoral Pastoral Figurative Language Figurative Language Alliteration Alliteration Assonance Assonance Metaphor Metaphor Simile Simile Conceit Conceit Hyperbole Hyperbole Personification Personification Metonymy Metonymy Onomatopoeia Onomatopoeia Simile Simile Synecdoche Synecdoche Allusion Allusion Imagery Imagery Parts of a Poem Parts of a Poem Verse (Free and Blank) Verse (Free and Blank) Stanza Stanza Caesura Caesura Couplet Couplet Foot Foot Meter Meter Refrain Refrain Stress Stress

Alliteration: the repetition of the same or similar sounds at the beginning of words Alliteration: the repetition of the same or similar sounds at the beginning of words Allusion: a reference to a famous person, thing, or work Allusion: a reference to a famous person, thing, or work Assonance: the repetition of vowel sounds Assonance: the repetition of vowel sounds Ballad: a poem that tells a story (such a folk tale or legend), often with a refrain Ballad: a poem that tells a story (such a folk tale or legend), often with a refrain Caesura: a natural pause or break in a line of poetry Caesura: a natural pause or break in a line of poetry Conceit: a poetic image or metaphor that compares one thing to another that seems unlikely Conceit: a poetic image or metaphor that compares one thing to another that seems unlikely Couplet: a pair of lines of the same length and that usually rhyme Couplet: a pair of lines of the same length and that usually rhyme

Elegy: a poem written for the death of a person Elegy: a poem written for the death of a person Enjambment: the continuation of a sentence or idea across more than one line of poetry Enjambment: the continuation of a sentence or idea across more than one line of poetry Epic: a long, serious poem that tells the story of a heroic figure Epic: a long, serious poem that tells the story of a heroic figure Foot: two or more syllables that together make up the smallest unit of rhyme in a poem Foot: two or more syllables that together make up the smallest unit of rhyme in a poem Hyperbole: deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis Hyperbole: deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis Idyll: a short poem depicting a peaceful, idealized country scene Idyll: a short poem depicting a peaceful, idealized country scene

Imagery: the use of language appealing to the five senses Imagery: the use of language appealing to the five senses Lyric: a poem that expresses the thoughts or feelings of the poet Lyric: a poem that expresses the thoughts or feelings of the poet Metaphor: a comparison of two things when one is said to be the other Metaphor: a comparison of two things when one is said to be the other Meter: the arrangement of lines according to the number of syllables and rhythm Meter: the arrangement of lines according to the number of syllables and rhythm Metonymy: the substitution of one word for another closely associated word Metonymy: the substitution of one word for another closely associated word Onomatopoeia: words used to imitate sounds Onomatopoeia: words used to imitate sounds Pastoral: a poem that depicts rural life Pastoral: a poem that depicts rural life

Personification: giving human traits to non- human objects or things Personification: giving human traits to non- human objects or things Refrain: a line or phrase repeated throughout the poem Refrain: a line or phrase repeated throughout the poem Simile: comparison of two things using “like” or “as” Simile: comparison of two things using “like” or “as” Sonnet: a 14-line lyric poem Sonnet: a 14-line lyric poem Stanza: two or more lines organized to form the divisions of a poem Stanza: two or more lines organized to form the divisions of a poem Stress: prominence or emphasis given to certain syllables Stress: prominence or emphasis given to certain syllables

Synecdoche: a part used to substitute for the whole, or the whole is used to mean the part Synecdoche: a part used to substitute for the whole, or the whole is used to mean the part Verse: a single metrical line of poetry, or poetry in general (as opposed to prose) Verse: a single metrical line of poetry, or poetry in general (as opposed to prose) Free Verse: poetry with unrhymed lines or rhymed lines with no set meter Free Verse: poetry with unrhymed lines or rhymed lines with no set meter Blank Verse: poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter Blank Verse: poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter

Literal Meaning: Literal Meaning: Figurative Meaning: Figurative Meaning: