( review) Identify the various stages of the French Revolution. - Describe the steps toward a Republican France.

Quiz:

Hatred of authoritative regime Liberal reforms begin Extreme Radicalism begins Return of the old, Authoritative regime Pattern of Revolutions Gustavson then further divides the pattern into seven stages or phases.

Stages of the French Revolution Stage 1 – Rising discontent (early to mid 1700s) Voltaire Rousseau American Revolution “Declaration of Independence” Stage 2 – Public dissatisfaction (riots) (Summer 1789) Storming of the Bastille The Great Fear Bread Riots in Paris Women’s March on Versailles Stage 3 – Ruling group is intimidated into making concessions (late1789) Louis XVI and family are forced to move from Versailles to Paris Louis XVI accepts new constitution limiting his powers Nobility/Clergy give up privileges in National Assembly Stage 4 – Reformers carry out their ideas (~1791) National Assembly creates a Constitutional Monarchy Provinces abolished, replaced with 83 Departments Established state control the church – “Civil Constitution of the Clergy”

Stage 5 – Rival groups develop ( early 1792) Stage 5 – Rival groups develop ( early 1792) Edmund Burke – “Reflections on the French Revolution” Edmund Burke – “Reflections on the French Revolution” Mary Wollstonecraft – “Vindication of the Rights of Man” Mary Wollstonecraft – “Vindication of the Rights of Man” and “Vindication of the Rights of Woman” (1792) and “Vindication of the Rights of Woman” (1792) Olympe de Gouges – women must share in equlity. Olympe de Gouges – women must share in equlity. Radical groups emerge Radical groups emerge Jacobin Club Jacobin Club Girondists Girondists “The Mountain” – Robbespierre, Geroges & Danton “The Mountain” – Robbespierre, Geroges & Danton Events grow more radical Events grow more radical Louis XVI/Marie Antoinette attempt to flee France 1791 Louis XVI/Marie Antoinette attempt to flee France 1791 “Declaration of Pillnitz” – warning about the revolution “Declaration of Pillnitz” – warning about the revolution 1792 France declares war on Austria and Prussia and 1792 France declares war on Austria and Prussia and arrest the king arrest the king “September Massacres” in Paris 1792 “September Massacres” in Paris 1792

Stage 6 ( ) Radicals seize power and impose their views on the people Legislative Assembly writes new constitution and renames itself the National Convention declaring France a “republic” 9/1792 – called the Second Revolution. The Convention executes Louis XVI for treason 1/1793. Sans culottes join with the “Mountain” to dominate the Convention. “Planned Economy” set up C Committee of Public Safety and the “Reign of Terror”.

Stage 7: Public tires of Radicals and Moderates regain power to restore order ( ) Thermidorian Reaction – 7/27/1794 Thermidorian Reaction – 7/27/1794 “The Directory” is formed “The Directory” is formed as a five-man executive as a five-man executive branch, but ruled as dictators. branch, but ruled as dictators. Villagers in rural France and the Villagers in rural France and the Catholic Church restore a more Catholic Church restore a more normal lifestyle normal lifestyle Napoleon’s “coup d’ e`tat” 1799 Napoleon’s “coup d’ e`tat” 1799 ends the Directory and Napoleon ends the Directory and Napoleon begins his rule as emperor of begins his rule as emperor of France. France. Execution of Robespierre

Hatred of authoritative regime Liberal reforms begin Extreme Radicalism begins Return of the old, Authoritative regime Pattern of Revolutions Describe how the French Revolution “fits” Gustavson’s pattern of revolutions.