Quick energy!!. What elements are carbs composed of? 1. Carbon (C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen(O) In a ratio of – C : H : O 1 : 2 : 1 Example: Glucose C.

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Presentation transcript:

Quick energy!!

What elements are carbs composed of? 1. Carbon (C) 2. Hydrogen (H) 3. Oxygen(O) In a ratio of – C : H : O 1 : 2 : 1 Example: Glucose C 6 H 12 O : 2 : 1 For every 1 Carbon (C) You will have 2 Hydrogens (H)

Function in living organisms 1. Energy Storage in plants and animals Starch in plants Glycogen in animals 2. Structural support in plants Cell Walls

Carbohydrate Monomers Carbohydrate Monomers (Building Blocks) Mono=one Saccharide=sugar Monosaccharides Monosaccharides: are simple sugars commonly found in rings.

Carbohydrate Monomers (Building Blocks) Glucose = C 6 H 12 O 6

Carbohydrate Polymers Polysaccharides (carbs) are made by linking monosaccharides (simple sugars) together. They can be very large and complex, or they can be small and made up of only two monomers linked together. These are called Disaccharides Polysaccharides: Poly=Many, Saccharide=sugar

Carbohydrate Polymers Disaccharides: Di=Two, Saccharide=sugar Disaccharides contain 2 monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis.

Complex Carbs Very Large Carbohydrates (Polysaccharides)

Exit Ticket 1. List the three elements which compose a carbohydrate. 2. One function of a carbohydrate is ___________. 3. Glycogen, a polysaccharide, in your liver may be broken down to glucose by the process of __________. 4. Draw the basic shape that represents glucose.

Monosaccharides Monosaccharides Monomers (Building Blocks) 1. Glucose: commonly found in blood of animals 2. Galactose: a simple sugar found in milk 3. Fructose: commonly found in fruit SIMPLE SUGARS

DISACCHARIDE EXAMPLES Carbohydrate Polymers 1. Lactose 1. Lactose: Found in Milk Made up of Galactose + Glucose 2. Sucrose 2. Sucrose: “Table Sugar” Made up of Fructose + Glucose

Polysaccharides Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples 1. Starch 1. Starch: Glucose (energy) stored in plants (breads, pasta, potatoes)

Polysaccharides Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples 2. Cellulose 2. Cellulose: Forms plant cell walls providing strength and rigidity.

Polysaccharides Complex Carb (Larger polysaccharide) examples 3. Glycogen 3. Glycogen: Glucose stored in the liver and muscle of animals. Used for quick energy!!!