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Carbon & Carbohydrates

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Presentation on theme: "Carbon & Carbohydrates"— Presentation transcript:

1 Carbon & Carbohydrates
Review

2 compounds that contain carbon are called______________
Organic

3 compounds that do not contain carbon are ________________
Inorganic

4 Carbon forms______ covalent bonds to become stable
Four

5 ______________ is the simplest carbon compound (CH4)
Methane

6 Any molecule made ONLY of hydrogen and carbon atoms is a ______________________
Hydrocarbon

7 compounds that have the same formula but different structures are called ___________________
Isomers

8 extremely large compounds made of smaller ones are called __________________.
macromolecules

9 large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together, usually in long chains is called a _______________________________ Polymer

10 What is the basic building block of carbohydrates?
monosaccharide

11 Dehydration Synthesis
What process allows body cells to make large compounds from building blocks? Dehydration Synthesis

12 Dehydration synthesis
The removal of –H and –OH (water)from the individual molecules so that a bond may form between them and result in a more complex molecule is called ___________ Dehydration synthesis

13 Dehydration synthesis
The following, Monosaccharide + Monosaccharide---> Disaccharide + water is an example of what process? Dehydration synthesis

14 What process allows the digestive system to breakdown nutrients?
Hydrolysis

15 WHAT DO ATHLETES EAT THE DAY BEFORE A BIG GAME? WHY?
Carbs. Because carbs. store and release energy

16 What is the function of carbohydrates?
Compounds used for storage and release of energy

17 What atoms make up all carbohydrates?
C,H,O

18 What is the ratio of oxygen to hydrogen atoms in all carbohydrates?
Ratio is 1 Oxygen atom : 2 Hydrogen atoms

19 List 2 types of Carbohydrates.
Monosaccharides Disaccharides Polysaccharides

20 List two examples of monosaccharides.
Glucose Fructose Galactose

21 What is the chemical formula for all monosaccharides?
C6H12O6

22 What is the chemical formula for all disaccharides?
C12H22O11

23 Double sugar made of 2 simple is called a ____________
disaccharide

24 List two examples of disaccharides
Lactose Maltose Sucrose

25 Lactose is commonly called what?
Milk Sugar

26 Sucrose is commonly called what?
Table sugar

27 The breaking of a large compound (polymer) into smaller compounds (building blocks) through the addition of -H and –OH (water). Hydrolysis

28 More than 2 monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis are called __________
Polysaccharide

29 List two examples of polysaccharides.
Starch Glycogen Cellulose

30 What is starch’s function?
Plant’s food storage

31 What is glycogen’s function?
Animals food storage

32 What is cellulose’s function?
provides structure in plant cell walls

33 What is the alcohol group?

34 What is the amino group? -NH2

35 What is the carboxyl group?
-COOH

36 What substance is the repeating unit that makes up starch, cellulose, and glycogen?
Monosaccharide

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