Grade Nine Egypt Part II

to Step Pyramids From Mastabas

The Pyramids at Giza - 5,000 years old

The Great Sphinx The Great Sphinx It combines the body of a beast with the face of the ruling pharaoh. Used to guard the pyramid, it was made from living rock

The architects of the sphinx had it face the sunrise Shows the power of the Pharaoh, 20m high

Nedjemu Sculpture Sculptors were commanded to carve King’s portraits out of hard stone. If the Pharaoh’s body was stolen the Ka would still have a way into the next world. These sculptures were placed beside the sarcophagus.

Portrait of Khafre From Old Kingdom Showed strength and dignity Made from hard stone More than a King - a descendent of Re. Falcon added to show this by representing Horus the god of the sky Aloof - Aware of mortals, but above them

Mastaba of Kegemni 2300 bc. Relief Sculpture

Mortuary Temples In the New Kingdom the focus was on more elaborate temples Each temple was built to honour a Pharaoh and dedicated to the Pharaoh’s favorite gods. When the Pharaoh died people could bring offerings to the Ka there - it was used as a funeral chapel Often temples kept getting added onto by Pharaohs until they reached huge proportions

Temple of Ramses II

Rames II Lived a short time before Moses Proud warrior 60 foot statues Repeated as columns

Hypostyle Hall - Temple of Amen-Re at Karnak

Amen-Re Karnak Hypostyle Hall Columns 66 feet high Capital 22 feet in diameter Smooth columns Painted Only a few could enter sanctuary

Hatshepsut’s Temple Hatshepsut named her temple "Djeser Djeseru", a hieroglyphic expression meaning, the Splendour of Splendours.

Queen Hatshepsut Largest temple Natural setting 200 statues Showed events of her life Vandalized by males in her family

Painting Tomb walls were scraped flat and then smoothed with plaster. Drawings were placed along the wall in a series to tell a story. These were coloured with rich red and yellow hues, using blue and green for contrast.

BC tomb painting of two women Very little shading was used, so the figures appeared flat. Horizontal bands, and bright colours make these paintings appear like modern day comic strips. The size and colour of the figures shows their importance.

Head, arms, legs, and feet are always shown in profile Eyes and shoulders are seen in frontal view Rules for Painting

When Egyptians painted they made sure all body parts must be shown completely and from the most familiar point of view. This was to ensure that the features of the person were preserved with accuracy in the most complete manner.

Questions Why did temples become so large? What was their purpose? Describe the portrait of Khafre Describe the Great Sphinx List the rules of Egyptian art (painting and relief sculpture). Why were they created? Describe Egyptian painting