1. Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs

2. Introduction
Pharaohs - ancient Egyptians rulers; they believed they were gods
Old Kingdom B.C.E – 2200 B.C.E
Strong central government during this time; age of pyramids
Middle Kingdom - about 2000 B.C.E. – 1800 B.C.E.
Period of Reunification
New Kingdom – about 1600 B.C.E. – 1100 B.C.E.
Egypt’s Golden Age; increased trade during this time of peace and stability

3. Pyramids Built as tombs for pharaohs Pharaohs were believed to be gods
Egyptians also believed in life after death
The pyramids were built to honor the pharaohs forever
Great Pyramid at Giza is one of the greatest

4. Khufu
Ruled from 2551 to 2528 B.C.E
Khufu established the pharaoh as central authority
Had a large network of government officials
Declared himself a god
Built the Great Pyramid of Giza

5. Great Pyramid of Giza A center of huge complex
More than 2 million stone blocks
Took 20 years to complete
No one is exactly sure how they built it

8. The Sphinx by the Great Pyramid
Head of a man
Body of a lion

9. Senusret I Ruled from 1971 to 1926 B.C.E. Patron of the Arts
Craftspeople thrived under his rule
“The Story of Sinuhe” written during his rule
Greatest accomplishment was religious architecture
Senusret shown clutching ankh which is an Egyptian symbol for eternal life

10. White Chapel Chapel is a small temple at Karnak
Made of alabaster – a hard white stone
Beautiful artwork decorated the chapel’s pillar
The white chapel was taken apart by another pharaoh but was later rebuilt by archeologists

11. Stone carvings of Senusret I

12. Menes Ruled from 3100 to 2850 B.C.E Founded the city of Crocodilopulus
Credited with uniting Upper and Lower Egypt
Unification is the joining of two parts into one

13. Unification of Egypt Red Crown of Lower Egypt
White Crown of Upper Egypt

14. The Red and White Crown were joined together to symbolize the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt

15. What the new crown looked like

16. Hatshepsut Ruled from 1473 – 1458 B.C.E Egypt’s first female pharaoh
Greatest accomplishment was gaining power
Sometimes wore male clothing and a fake beard
promoted trade with other countries
Biggest trade expedition was to Punt
Traded jewelry, bronze weapons, papyrus
Over 200 men made the journey

17. Other images of Hatshepsut

18. Hatshepsut’sTemple at Dayr al-Bahri
Built into a cliff above the Nile River
At the entrance were two tall thin monuments called obelisks
Entrance also had 200 sphinxes

19. Obelisk at temple

22. Ramses II Ruled from 1290 to 1224 B.C.E
Reigned more than 60 years as Ramses the Great
One of the most famous
Over 100 wives and children
Fearless soldier – he was made a captain at 10 years old

23. The Temple at Abu Simbal

24. Ramses depicted as a warrior

25. Stone figure of Ramses the Great

26. King Tutankhaman Ruled from 1341 to 1323 B.C.E.
9 years old when he became pharaoh
19 years old when he died
Tomb was discovered in 1922 in the Valley of the Kings
It was the greatest discovery of all times

27. The treasures of King Tut’s Tomb