1. Passport to Egypt
Mrs. Slagle

2. Where Are We Going?

3. What Are We Going to See?
Today, our class will be visiting ancient sites of pharaohs in Ancient Egypt
What is a Pharaoh??
A pharaoh is a king of ancient Egypt who had complete control over their people
Temples were built in the pharaoh’s honor

4. Where it all began…Memphis
Menes unites Upper and Lower Egypt
Egypt’s first dynasty begins
The city of Memphis is created
Egypt is broken into two lands “Upper” and “Lower” Egypt

5. 2686 BC – 2125 BC Characterized by Peace and Trade
Old Kingdom
2686 BC – 2125 BC
Characterized by Peace and Trade

6. Our First Stop… What is Different About this Pyramid?

7. The Step Pyramid at Djoser
The earliest pyramid known is the Step Pyramid
Unlike later pyramids, the Step Pyramid did not have smooth sides
Egyptian kings were buried in pyramids during the Old Kingdom “The Pyramid Age”

8. Our Second Stop Does Anyone Know Where We Are?

9. The Famous Great Pyramid
The largest structure in the world from when it was built in 2570 BC to 1300 AD!!!
One of the Seven Wonders of the World
Khufu’s Pyramid

10. Our Third Stop…

11. Great Sphinx Pharaoh Khafre “The face of the Sphinx”
The Sphinx has come to be a symbol for ancient and modern Egypt
Largest surviving sculpture from the ancient world and earliest colossal sculpture that Egyptians built

12. Characterized by irrigation systems and public works 2055 BC-1650 BC
The Middle Kingdom
Characterized by irrigation systems and public works
2055 BC-1650 BC

13. The Middle Kingdom
Turbulent times strike Egypt due to foreign invaders
Egyptians fight back by constructing buildings
Irrigation projects help revive the Nile River

14. Characterized by huge, powerful armies 1550 BC – 1069 BC
The New Kingdom
Characterized by huge, powerful armies
1550 BC – 1069 BC

15. Entering ancient sites from the New Kingdom…Abu Simbel

16. Ramses II “The Great” Abu Simbel temple of Ramses II
More statues of him than any other pharaoh, second longest reigning pharaoh
Believed to have ruled Egypt for 66 years and 2 months
Taller than many Egyptians at 5’7 and believed to be a red head

17. “During his long reign of 67 years, everything was done on a grand scale. No other pharaoh constructed so many temples or erected so many colossal statues and obelisks. No other pharaoh sired so many children. Ramesses’ ‘victory’ over the Hittities at Kadesh was celebrated in one of the most repeated Egyptian texts ever put on record. By the time he died, aged more than 90, he had set his stamp indelibly on Egypt.”
- Peter Clayton, author of Chronicles of the Pharaohs

18. Next Stop…Hatshepsut’s Temple at Deir El-Bahri

19. Man or Woman??
Man or Woman?

20. Queen Hatshepsut B.C.
Bold Leader who created great peace and economic success
Great story-teller to appeal to the masses
Dressed as a man to gain the approval of the public
Was she mudered?

21. Next Stop…Festival Hall

22. Thutmose III… A Great Warrior 1504-1450 BC
One of the greatest pharaohs
Leads his army in war against Syria and Phoenicia (located in Southwest Asia)
Treats those he defeated with mercy
Loved to study plants and loved the desert
Destroyed all of Queen Hatshepsut’s statues

23. The face we’ve come to known Was he popular while alive?

24. King Tutakhanmen Became a pharaoh while he was still a child
Died at around age 18
An archaeologist discovered his tomb in 1922 and his funeral treasures have taught us a lot about Egypt
King Tut’s tomb was the first tomb uncovered that contained many of the burial treasures still intact

25. King Tut brings us to our final stop…The Valley of the Kings

26. The Valley of the Kings
During the New Kingdom, pharaohs began to build their tombs in the Valley of the Kings
Tomb robbery became a problem and thieves raided tombs in search of gold
King Tut’s tomb was found largely intact and apparently quickly buried deeply below the surface of the Valley of the Kings

27. Diagram of Valley of the Kings

28. Ancient Rulers Live On “The Mummy’s Curse”
“Death shall come on swift wings to him that toucheth the tomb of a Pharaoh”
This quote is imaginary inscription supposedly on the tomb of King Tut
On April 5, 1923 Lord Carnarvon, who had financed the excavcation of King Tut died shortly after
Is there a curse???
Should pharaoh’s tombs be uncovered??