Definition and Scope of Forensic Science Forensic Science – the application of science to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies.

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Presentation transcript:

Definition and Scope of Forensic Science Forensic Science – the application of science to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system. Criminal justice system is looking more and more to the scientific community for advice and technical support to solve crimes.

History and Development of Forensic Science Many individuals played a role in developing the principles and techniques needed to identify or compare physical evidence

Key individuals Sir Arthur Conan Doyle Mathieu Orfila Alfonse Bertillon Francis Galton Leone Lattes Karl Landsteiner Calvin Goddard Albert S. Osborn Walter C. McCrone Hans Gross Edmond Locard J. Edgar Hoover August Vollmer Paul Kirk

Key Individuals Dr. William Bass Emil Duchenne R.F. Borkenstein Lawrence Kersta Herbert L. McDonnell Sir Edward Richard Henry Alexander Lacassagne (La/cos/ny)

Assignment You will be responsible for researching the key individuals and the role they played in the history and development of forensic science Use your textbook and computer to find what they contributed to forensics and when it was contributed. We will make posters in class including each name and significant contribution to create history of forensics timeline.

Assignment Include each person’s major contribution to the field, and what year it occurred. Write a 2 page paper including key points of this person’s contribution.

Key terms Algor mortis – postmortem changes that cause a body to lose heat Autopsy – the medical dissection and examination of a body in order to determine the cause of death Expert witness – an individual whom the court determines possesses knowledge relevant to the trial that is not expected of the average layperson Livor mortis – the medical condition that occurs after death and results in the settling of blood in areas of the body closest to the ground Locard’s Exchange Principle – the exchange of materials between 2 objects that occurs whenever 2 objects come into contact with one another Rigor mortis- the medical condition that occurs after death and results in the shortening of muscle tissue and the stiffening of body parts in the position they are in when death occurs(begins post mortem-ends up to 72 hours after).