1. Forensic Science
Application of science to those criminal and civil laws that are enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system.

2. History of Forensics
There are many great men who contributed to the discovery of techniques used today to analyze evidence used in the solving of a crime.

3. Mathieu Orfila
(1787 – 1853) Considered to be the father of toxicology

4. Alphonse Bertillon
( ) The first scientific system of personal identification by a series of body measurements. This was replaced by fingerprints in the early 1900’s

5. Francis Galton
(1833 – 1911) First to study fingerprints and classify them for filing.

6. Leone Lattes
(1887 – 1954) Discovered that blood can be grouped into four categories called types - ABO
Phenotype
Genotype A
AA or AO B
BB or BO AB O OO

7. Calvin Goddard
( ) Determined the comparison of bullets in guns – Ballistics

8. Albert S. Osborn
(1858 – 1946) Developed principles of document examination

9. Walter C. McCrone
(1916 – 2002) Developed advances in microscopic techniques to solve crimes and analyze evidence

10. Hans Gross
(1847 – 1915) Studied and developed principles of criminal investigation

11. Edmond Locard
( ) Used the scientific method in criminal investigation. Background was medicine and law. Father of criminalistics.

12. The Locard Exchange Principle
French professor
Built the world’s first forensics lab in France in 1910.
Locard Exchange Principle states:
Whenever two objects come into contact with each other, there is always a transfer of material.