Organization of Muscle Parallel Muscles- fascicles are parallel to the long axis of the muscle Convergent Muscles- fibers are spread over a broad area, but all the fibers converge at a common site, looks like a fan or a triangle Pennate Muscles- form and angle to the tendon, looks like a feather Circular Muscles- arrange in a circle around an opening

Origins and Insertions Origin- site where muscle begins Insertion- site where muscle ends Action- movement produced The origin is usually stationary and the insertion moves

Actions Described using the motion created and the joint or bone involved in the motion –Biceps brachii performs flexion of the forearm or flexion at the elbow Agonist or prime mover- when a muscle if primarily responsible for the movement Antagonist- muscles that oppose the agonist Synergist- helps a agonist be more efficient

Naming of skeletal muscles Fascicle organization- named for orientation of muscle fibers, rectus=straight, oblique= angled, transversus= run across the body Location- based on region of the body, ex.brachium, abdominis, etc. Structure, size, and shape- ex. Biceps=2 origins Origin and Insertion and Action

Muscles of the Head and Neck Facial Expression Buccinator Orbicularis oris Zygomaticus major and minor Oribicularis oculi Frontalis Occipitalis Platysma Mastication –Masseter –Temporalis Neck –Sternocleido- mastoid

Muscles of vertebral column and abdomen and thoracic cavity Vertebral column –Erector Spinae Abdomen –External abdominal oblique –Internal abdominal oblique –Transversus abdominus –Rectus abdominis Thoracic Region –Diaphragm –External intercostals –Internal intercostals

MuscleOriginInsertionAction

Muscles of arm Move arm –Deltoid –Latissumus Dorsi –Trapezius –Pectoralis major Forearm and hand –Biceps brachii –Brachialis –Brachioradialis –Triceps brachii –Pronator teres –Flexor carpi radialis –Flexor carpi ulnaris –Palmaris longus –Extensor carpi radialis longus –Extensor carpi ulnaris Fingers- Flexor digitorum superficialis Extensor Digitorum

Muscles that move thigh and leg Thigh –Gluteus maximus –Gluteus minimus –Gluteus medius –Tensor fasciae latae –Adductor longus –Adductor magnus –Gracilis –Illiopsoas Leg –Biceps femoris –Semimembranosus –Semitendinosus –Sartorius –Rectus femoris –Vastus intermedius –Vastus lateralis –Vastus medialis

Muscle that move the foot and toes Tibialis anterior Gastrocnemius Peroneus longus Soleus Flexor digitorum longus Extensor digitorum longus