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Important Skeletal Muscles

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Presentation on theme: "Important Skeletal Muscles"— Presentation transcript:

1 Important Skeletal Muscles
BIO 210 Chapter 10 Part 2 Important Skeletal Muscles

2 Warm Up Define & give an example of each of the following.
Prime mover Synergist Antagonist Fixator muscles Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group Name the muscles of Hamstring Group

3 Warm Up Define & give an example of a muscle that does each of the following. Prime mover-provides most of the force for a movement, forearm flexion, biceps brachii. Synergist-assists, i.e.contract at same time as prime movers, and move the joint the same direction. Brachialis. Antagonist-muscle that extends the prime mover. Triceps brachii is antagonist for biceps. Fixator muscles-stabilize a joint. Deltoid.

4 Name the muscles of the Quadriceps Group
Rectus femoris Vastus medialis Vastus lateralis Vastus intermedius Name the muscles of Hamstring Group Semitendenosus Semimembranosus Biceps femoris

5 Important Skeletal Muscles
When we talk about muscle actions of the following muscles, we are referring to the action of the prime mover. Remember that muscles work together. Prime mover Synergist Antagonist Fixator muscles

6 MUSCLES OF FACIAL EXPRESSION
ORBICULARIS OCULI ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR ORBICULARIS ORIS BUCCINATOR

7 ORBICULARIS OCULI: Closes Eyes (Blinking)

8 ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR: Pulls Corners of Mouth Upward (Laughing)

9 ORBICULARIS ORIS: Puckers Mouth (Kissing)

10 BUCCINATOR: Presses Lips and Cheeks Against Teeth (Blowing, Whistling)

11 MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
TEMPORALIS: Same as Masseter MASSETER Elevates Mandible (Closes Jaw)

12 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE HEAD
STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID Flexes Head ("Prayer Muscle") (When Both Contract) Turns Head to Side (When Each Contracts Alone)

13 EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS
TRUNK MUSCLES - MUSCLES OF THE THORAX NOTE: All of These Muscles Play an Important Role in Respiration. EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS Elevates Ribs INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS Depresses Ribs DIAPHRAGM Enlarges Thorax (Causes Inspiration)

14 TRUNK MUSCLES - MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL
EXTERNAL OBLIQUE INTERNAL OBLIQUE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS RECTUS ABDOMINUS

15 CAT ABS! EXTERNAL OBLIQUE INTERNAL OBLIQUE TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS
RECTUS ABDOMINUS

16 Functions of Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
All Four of These Muscles Have the Following Functions: Compress (Tighten) Abdomen Rotate Trunk Laterally Abdominal muscles play important roles in posture; they pull pelvis upward which flattens lumbar curve of the spine. They also aid in defecation, forced expiration, childbirth, etc. Rectus abdominus flexes the trunk of the body.

17 UPPER LIMB MUSCLES –MUSCLES ACTING ON THE SHOULDER GIRDLE: Trapezius & Serratus anterior
Raises and Lowers Shoulders (Shrugs Shoulders)

18 CAT TRAPEZIUS, DELTOID, ETC.
1. External oblique 2. Latissimus dorsi 3. Spinotrapezius 4. Acromiotrapezius 5. Clavotrapezius 6. Levator scapulae ventralis 7. Spinodeltoid 8. Acromiodeltoid 9. Clavodeltoid 10. Triceps brachii (lateral head) 11. Triceps brachii (long head)

19 Pulls Shoulder Forward and Upward (Punching Movements)
UPPER LIMB MUSCLES –MUSCLES ACTING ON THE SHOULDER GIRDLE: Trapezius & Serratus anterior SERRATUS ANTERIOR Pulls Shoulder Forward and Upward (Punching Movements)

20 CAT-SERRATUS ANTERIOR

21 UPPER LIMB MUSCLES MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE UPPER ARM
Pectoralis major Latissimus dorsi Deltoid

22 PECTORALIS MAJOR Flexes Upper Arm
Adducts Upper Arm Anteriorly (Draws It Across Chest)

23 CAT PECS Clavodeltoid Pectoantebrachialis Pectoralis major
Pectoralis minor Xiphihumeralis

24 LATISSIMUS DORSI Extends Upper Arm Adducts Upper Arm
Posteriorly (Draws It Across Back)

25 CAT-LATISSIMUS DORSI

26 DELTOID Assists with Flexion and Extension of Upper Arm
Abducts Upper Arm

27 CAT TRAPEZIUS, DELTOID, ETC.
1. External oblique 2. Latissimus dorsi 3. Spinotrapezius 4. Acromiotrapezius 5. Clavotrapezius 6. Levator scapulae ventralis 7. Spinodeltoid 8. Acromiodeltoid 9. Clavodeltoid 10. Triceps brachii (lateral head) 11. Triceps brachii (long head)

28 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM
BICEPS BRACHII Supinates Forearm and Hand Flexes Supinated Forearm BRACHIALIS & Flexes Pronated Forearm 

29 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOREARM
BRACHIORADIALIS Supinates Forearm and Hand Flexes Forearm (Semipronated or Semisupinated) TRICEPS BRACHII Extends Forearm

30 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
SUPERFICIAL FLEXORS FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS Flexes Hand PALMARIS LONGUS FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS

31 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
FLEXOR DIGITORUM (SUPERFICIALIS) Flexes Fingers

32 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS Extends Hand Abducts Hand (Moves Toward Thumb Side When Hand Supinated)

33 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS:
EXTENSOR CARPI ULNARIS Extends Hand Adducts Hand (Moves Toward Little Finger Side When Hand Supinated) EXTENSOR DIGITORUM Extends Fingers

34 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE WRIST, HAND, AND FINGERS
OPPONENS POLLICIS Opposes Thumb to Fingers

35 LOWER LIMB MUSCLES MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH: ILIOPSOAS
Flexes Thigh Flexes Trunk

36 LOWER LIMB MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH: RECTUS FEMORIS
Flexes Thigh Extends Lower Leg

37 LOWER LIMB MUSCLES MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE THIGH: GLUTEAL GROUP
MAXIMUS Extends Thigh MEDIUS Abducts Thigh MINIMUS

38 Lower Limb Muscles continued…
TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE Abducts Thigh PECTINEUS Adducts Thigh Flexes Thigh ADDUCTOR GROUP BREVIS LONGUS MAGNUS ALL of These Muscles Adduct the Thigh. GRACILIS Flexes Lower leg

39 TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE Abducts Thigh
1. Sartorius  2. Tensor fasciae latae  3. Gluteus maximus  4. Gluteus medius  5. Caudofemoralis  6. Vastus lateralis  7. Biceps femoris  8. Gastrocnemius  9. Soleus

40 TENSOR FASCIAE LATAE-CAT Abducts Thigh
1. Sartorius  2. Tensor fasciae latae  3. Gluteus maximus  4. Gluteus medius  5. Caudofemoralis  6. Vastus lateralis  7. Biceps femoris  8. Gastrocnemius  9. Soleus

41 PECTINEUS Adducts Thigh Flexes Thigh

42 PECTINEUS-CAT

43 ADDUCTOR GROUP ALL of These Muscles Adduct the Thigh.
BREVIS LONGUS MAGNUS

44 ADDUCTOR GROUP-CAT NOTE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CAT AND HUMAN BEING
ADDUCTOR LONGUS ADDUCTOR FEMORIS

45 GRACILIS Adducts Thigh Flexes Lower leg

46 GRACILIS-CAT

47 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE LOWER LEG
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP RECTUS FEMORIS Extends Lower leg Flexes Thigh VASTUS LATERALIS VASTUS MEDIALIS VASTUS INTERMEDIUS ALL Muscles in the Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg

48 QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP
RECTUS FEMORIS Extends Lower leg Flexes Thigh VASTUS LATERALIS VASTUS MEDIALIS VASTUS INTERMEDIUS deep to rectus femoris ALL Muscles in the Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg

49 QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS deep to rectus femoris ALL Muscles in the Vastus Group Extend Lower Leg

50 QUADRICEPS FEMORIS GROUP-CAT
VASTUS LATERALIS RECTUS FEMORIS VASTUS INTERMEDIUS VASTUS MEDIALIS

51 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE LOWER LEG
SARTORIUS Flexes Lower Leg Permits Sitting in Tailor Fashion HAMSTRING GROUP BICEPS FEMORIS Extends Thigh SEMITENDINOSUS SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

52 SARTORIUS-Flexes Lower Leg

53 SARTORIUS Permits Sitting in Tailor Fashion

54 HAMSTRING GROUP BICEPS FEMORIS SEMITENDINOSUS SEMIMEMBRANOSUS
Flexes Lower Leg Extends Thigh SEMITENDINOSUS SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

55 HAMSTRING GROUP-CAT BICEPS FEMORIS REFLECTED IN THIS PIC Flexes Lower Leg Extends Thigh SEMITENDINOSUS SEMIMEMBRANOSUS

56 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOOT
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR Flexes Foot (Dorsiflexion) Inverts Foot (Inversion) GASTROCNEMIUS Extends Foot (Plantar Flexion) Flexes Lower Leg SOLEUS Extends Foot

57 TIBIALIS ANTERIOR Flexes Foot (Dorsiflexion) Inverts Foot (Inversion)

58 GASTROCNEMIUS Extends Foot (Plantar Flexion) Flexes Lower Leg

59 SOLEUS Extends Foot

60 MUSCLES THAT MOVE THE FOOT-CAT
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR GASTROCNEMIUS SOLEUS


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