Renaissance Art Italian Early and High Renaissance Art

Art and Patronage Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art. / Art communicated social, political, and spiritual values. / Italian banking & international trade interests had the money. Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds. Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

Characteristics of Renaissance Art

Fine Arts Renaissance art extends well beyond simply a creator of pictures, sculpture etc. It expands to encompass the ideas of "any discipline involving the cultivation of skill and excellence was de facto an art". Characteristics of Renaissance Art 1. Realism: Realistic portrayal of artistic styles. Mastered perspective and anatomy as a means to achieve realism. 2. Classical: Classical forms and realistic technique 3. Individualism: Portrays the person as they are in an effort to describe their maximum or true potential 4. Art as Philosophy: Symbols, structure, posture, color as a means to determine a realistic portrayal of people and places.

Realism & Expression  Expulsion from the Garden  Masaccio  1427  First nudes since classical times.

2. Perspective First use of linear perspective! The Trinity Masaccio 1427

3. Classicism  Greco-Roman influence.  Secularism.  Humanism.  Individualism  free standing figures.  Symmetry/Balance The “Classical Pose” Medici “Venus”

4. Emphasis on Individualism  Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Dutchess of Urbino  Piero della Francesca,

5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures  The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate  Leonardo da Vinci  1469  The figure as architecture!

6. Artists as Personalities/Celebrities Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects Giorgio Vasari 1550

Early Renaissance The First Three Hall-of-Famers

Which of these characteristics are evidenced in the following paintings? Characteristics of Renaissance Art 1. Realism: Realistic portrayal of artistic styles. Mastered perspective and anatomy as a means to achieve realism. 2. Classical: Classical forms and realistic technique 3. Individualism: Portrays the person as they are in an effort to describe their maximum or true potential 4. Art as Philosophy: Symbols, structure, posture, color as a means to determine a realistic portrayal of people and places.

Masaccio Founder of early Renaissance Painting Painted human figure as a real human being (3D) Used perspective Consistent source of light (accurate shadows)

The Tribute Money

#2 Donatello The sculptor’s Masaccio David ( ) –First free standing, life-size nude since Classical period –Contrapposto –Sense of Underlying skeletal structure

The Penitent Magdalen (Donatello) real gaunt “Speak, speak or the plague take you!”

#3 Botticelli 1482 Rebirth of Classical mythology Fully Pagan THE BIRTH OF VENUS

The Italian Renaissance Leonardo Michelangelo Raphael Titian

Da Vinci Mona Lisa ( ) Perspective, Anatomy, Composition Portrait of a business man’s wife-- secularism Notice the background and perspective The realism of her face has always made people wonder what she was thinking

Cultural icon

The Last Supper Emotions Response

He also Made Many Anatomical Drawings and Inventions –A baby in the womb

Da Vinci’s Human Anatomy:

Michelangelo David Michelangelo Buonarotti 1504 Marble

Michelangelo – Creation of Man Characteristics of Renaissance Art 1. Realism: Realistic portrayal of artistic styles. Mastered perspective and anatomy as a means to achieve realism. 2. Classical: Classical forms and realistic technique 3. Individualism: Portrays the person as they are in an effort to describe their maximum or true potential 4. Art as Philosophy: Symbols, structure, posture, color as a means to determine a realistic portrayal of people and places

Michelangelo - Pieta

Michelangelo Was Known as a Painter and Sculptor The Sistine Chapel

The Last Judgment

St. Peter’s Square - Rome

Da Vinci – Mona Lisa Da Vinci – Vitruvian Man

DaVinci – Last Supper

Raphael School of Athens 1510

The School of Athens – Raphael, One point perspective. All of the important Greek philosophers and thinkers are included  all of the great personalities of the Seven Liberal Arts! A great variety of poses. Located in the papal apartments library. Raphael worked on this commission simultaneously as Michelangelo was doing the Sistine Chapel. No Christian themes here.

Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo

Aristotle: looks to this earth [the here and now]. Plato: looks to the heavens [or the IDEAL realm].

Pythagoras

Ptolemy Euclid

Titian Dazzling contrasting colors Ample female forms Asymmetric compositions Bacchanal of the Adrians 1518

Venus of Urbino – Titian, 1558

Peter Bruegel – Netherlandish Proverbs