3. Art and Patronage Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art. / Art communicated social, political, and spiritual values. / Italian banking & international trade interests had the money. Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds. Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

5. 1. Realism & Expression Expulsion from the Garden Masaccio 1427 First nudes since classical times.

6. The Father of Realism Giotto di Bondone c.1266-1337 The Lamentation, 1302 Tempera on wood w/ ground gold

7. 2. Perspective Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! First use of linear perspective! Perspective! Perspective! The Trinity Masaccio 1427 What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become.

8. 3. Classicism Greco-Roman influence. Idealized figures Secularism. Humanism. Liberation of sculpture  free standing figures. Symmetry/Balance The “Classical Pose” Medici “Venus” (1c)

9. 4. Emphasis on Individualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Dutchess of Urbino Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.

10. 5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate Leonardo da Vinci 1469 The figure as architecture!

11. 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges Chiaroscuro Sfumato

12. 7. Artists as Personalities/Celebrities Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects Giorgio Vasari 1550

14. David by Donatello 1430 First free-form bronze since Roman times! 1. Donatello liberates Sculpture

15. 2.Birth of Venus – Botticelli, c.1485 An attempt to depict perfect beauty.

16. Botticelli’s Venus Motif. 10¢ Italian Euro coin. 2002 Euro Coin

17. 3.Mona Lisa – da Vinci, 1503-6

18. Mona Lisa OR da Vinci??

19. A Macaroni Mona Parody  The Best Form of Flattery?

20. A Picasso Mona

21. An Andy Warhol Mona

22. A “Mona”ca Lewinsky

23. David Michelangelo Buonarotti 1504 Marble 4. The Divine Michelangelo

24.  15c 16c  What a difference a century makes!

25. 5.The School of Athens – Raphael, 1509 -11 Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo

26. Aristotle: looks to this earth [the here and now]. Plato: looks to the heavens [or the IDEAL realm]. The School of Athens – Raphael, details

27. Averroes Hypatia Pythagoras

28. Zoroaster Ptolemy Euclid

30. 3. (tie) The Last Supper - da Vinci, 1498 & Geometry

31. Refractory Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie Milan

32. The Sistine Chapel Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512 The Sistine Chapel Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512

33. The Sistine Chapel Details Creation of Man

34. A Modern “Adaptation” Joe Gallo in the New York Daily News, 2004

35. The Sistine Chapel Details The Last Judgment

37. Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 - 1436 Architect Cuppolo of St. Maria del Fiore (a.k.a. Il Duomo)

38. St. Peter’s Basilica (1506-1567) Architectural Landmark: The Vatican

39. Other Famous Domes Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)

40. A Contest to Decorate the Cathedral: Sacrifice of Isaac Panels BrunelleschiGhiberti

41. Ghiberti – Gates of Paradise Baptistry Door, Florence – 1425 - 1452 The Winner!