2. By: Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

3. Art and Patronage Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art. –Art communicated social, political, and spiritual values. –Italian banking & international trade interests had the money. Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds. Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

4. 2. Perspective Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! Perspective! First use of linear perspective! Perspective! Perspective! The Trinity Masaccio 1427 What you are, I once was; what I am, you will become.

5. 3. Classicism Greco-Roman influence. Secularism. Humanism. Individualism  free standing figures. Symmetry/Balance The “Classical Pose” Medici “Venus” (1c)

6. 4. Empasis on Individualism Batista Sforza & Federico de Montefeltre: The Duke & Dutchess of Urbino Piero della Francesca, 1465-1466.

7. Isabella d’Este – da Vinci, 1499 1474-1539 “First Lady of the Italian Renaissance.” Great patroness of the arts in Mantua. Known during her time as “First Lady of the World!”

8. 5. Geometrical Arrangement of Figures The Dreyfus Madonna with the Pomegranate Leonardo da Vinci 1469 The figure as architecture!

9. 6. Light & Shadowing/Softening Edges Chiaroscuro Sfumato

10. Renaissance Florence The Wool Factory by Mirabello Cavalori, 1570 The Wool Factory by Mirabello Cavalori, 1570 1252 – first gold florins minted 1252 – first gold florins minted Florentine lion: symbol of St. Mark Florentine lion: symbol of St. Mark

11. Lorenzo the Magnificent 1478 - 1521 Cosimo de Medici 1517 - 1574

12. Florence Under the Medici Medici Chapel Medici Chapel The Medici Palace

13. Filippo Brunelleschi 1377 - 1436 Architect Cuppolo of St. Maria del Fiore

14. Filippo Brunelleschi Commissioned to build the cathedral dome. –Used unique architectural concepts. He studied the ancient Pantheon in Rome. Used ribs for support.

15. Dome Comparisons Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital (Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)

16. David by Donatello 1430 First free-form bronze since Roman times! The Liberation of Sculpture

17. David Verrocchio 1473 - 1475 David Verrocchio 1473 - 1475

18. The Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475 The Baptism of Christ Verrocchio, 1472 - 1475 Leonardo da Vinci

19. The Renaissance “Man” Broad knowledge about many things in different fields. Deep knowledge/skill in one area. Able to link information from different areas/disciplines and create new knowledge. The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Renaissance education.

20. 1. Self-Portrait -- da Vinci, 1512 1452 - 1519 Artist Sculptor Architect Scientist Engineer Inventor

21. Leonardo, the Artist The Virgin of the Rocks Leonardo da Vinci 1483-1486

22. Mona Lisa OR da Vinci??

23. Refractory Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie Milan

24. 2. Michelangelo Buonorrati 1475 – 1564 He represented the body in three dimensions of sculpture.

25. The Sistine Chapel Michelangelo Buonarroti 1508 - 1512

26. The Sistine Chapel Details The Creation of the Heavens

27. The Sistine Chapel Details The Last Judgment

28. The School of Athens – Raphael, 1510 -11 Raphael Da Vinci Michelangelo

29. Renaissance Art in Northern Europe Should not be considered an appendage to Italian art. But, Italian influence was strong. –Painting in OIL, developed in Flanders, was widely adopted in Italy. The differences between the two cultures: –Italy  change was inspired by humanism with its emphasis on the revival of the values of classical antiquity. –No. Europe  change was driven by religious reform, the return to Christian values, and the revolt against the authority of the Church. More princes & kings were patrons of artists.

30. Characteristics of Northern Renaissance Art The continuation of late medieval attention to details. Tendency toward realism & naturalism [less emphasis on the “classical ideal”]. Interest in landscapes. More emphasis on middle-class and peasant life. Details of domestic interiors. Great skill in portraiture.

31. Jan van Eyck (1395 – 1441) More courtly and aristocratic work. –Court painter to the Duke of Burgundy, Philip the Good.  The Virgin and Chancellor Rolin, 1435.

32. Van Eyck:  The Crucifixion & The Last Judgment  1420-1425