DO NOW It is 1894, create a journal entry depicting your life as a former slave.

POPSICLE REVIEW! What study skill did you use to study last night?

Reconstructing a National Culture: “Segregation in America”

The Purpose of Reconstruction The goals were to readmit states to the Union, create new political systems, rebuild the economy, and expand and protect the rights of African Americans. The goals were to readmit states to the Union, create new political systems, rebuild the economy, and expand and protect the rights of African Americans. The 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th Amendments extended new rights to African Americans and increased political participation at local, state, and national levels. The 13 th, 14 th, and 15 th Amendments extended new rights to African Americans and increased political participation at local, state, and national levels.

The Purpose of Reconstruction The Freedman Bureau supported the development of a free black culture by building schools, hospitals, providing social services, and advocating for equality. The Freedman Bureau supported the development of a free black culture by building schools, hospitals, providing social services, and advocating for equality. Many freedmen became tenant farmers and sharecroppers, but unfair labor contracts, poor soil, and the inability to own land kept most in deep poverty. Many freedmen became tenant farmers and sharecroppers, but unfair labor contracts, poor soil, and the inability to own land kept most in deep poverty. Still, many tried to find ways to deny African Americans the rights to vote, own property, and attend school. Despite the efforts of reconstruction, blacks were treated as second-hand citizens. Still, many tried to find ways to deny African Americans the rights to vote, own property, and attend school. Despite the efforts of reconstruction, blacks were treated as second-hand citizens.

What do you think are some problems African Americans began to face?

How did American culture change with freedmen? Jim Crow Laws Jim Crow Laws Plessy vs. Ferguson Plessy vs. Ferguson Poll Taxes Poll Taxes Literacy Tests Literacy Tests Inequality in Education Inequality in Education Violence Violence

Jim Crow Laws State and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and They mandated “separate but equal" status for black Americans. State and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and They mandated “separate but equal" status for black Americans.

Plessy vs. Ferguson Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accommodations (particularly railroads), under the doctrine of “separate but equal." Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accommodations (particularly railroads), under the doctrine of “separate but equal."

Poll Taxes a tax of a uniform, fixed amount per individual (as opposed to a percentage of income) a tax of a uniform, fixed amount per individual (as opposed to a percentage of income) a tax formerly required for voting in parts of the United States that was often designed to prevent African Americans from going to the polls a tax formerly required for voting in parts of the United States that was often designed to prevent African Americans from going to the polls

Literacy Tests a test designed to determine one's ability to read and write a given language; the term is often used, however, to refer to a test given to determine one's eligibility to vote a test designed to determine one's ability to read and write a given language; the term is often used, however, to refer to a test given to determine one's eligibility to vote the 15 th Amendment gave male aged 21 and over the right to vote, literacy tests were used as a way to keep African American men ineligible the 15 th Amendment gave male aged 21 and over the right to vote, literacy tests were used as a way to keep African American men ineligible

Inequality in Education Following the Jim Crow Laws, African Americans are banned from white hotels, barber shops, restaurants, theaters, and other public accommodations. By 1885, most southern states also have laws requiring separate schools.

Violence lynching, hanging, and rioting become more prevalent as tensions between the first and second class citizens increase lynching, hanging, and rioting become more prevalent as tensions between the first and second class citizens increase many innocent lives are damaged or taken through a misunderstanding of cultures many innocent lives are damaged or taken through a misunderstanding of cultures

As shown in this Thomas Nast cartoon, Worse than Slavery, white groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and the White League used every form of terror, violence, and intimidation to restore a “white man’s government” and redeem the noble “lost cause.”

Slavery is officially illegal in all countries, but there are still an estimated 20 million to 30 million slaves worldwide. Mauritania was the last jurisdiction to officially outlaw slavery (in 1981/2007), but about 10% to 20% of its population is estimated to live in slavery.

For the rest of the day… Consider - Do you feel these or similar problems are still faced by minority groups in the United States? Why or why not? Consider - Do you feel these or similar problems are still faced by minority groups in the United States? Why or why not?