Cellular Respiration Energy For Cells

Cellular Respiration Energy is released by breaking the bonds of food molecules (such as glucose) to make ATP from ADP ADP = adenosine diphosphate ADP + P i  ATP 2 types aerobic respiration anaerobic respiration

Aerobic Respiration respiration that requires oxygen starts in the cytoplasm glycolysis moves to the mitochondria Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain

Aerobic Respiration

C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O 38 ATP are produced per molecule of glucose 2 ATP are used, so net ATP is 36 Some energy is lost to the environment as heat exergonic reaction – energy is released

Cellular Respiration and ATP Glycolysis requires 2 ATP to begin and produces 4 ATP as a result-net 2 ATP produced- Glucose is split into 2 Pyruvic Acid molecules Krebs begins with the pyruvic acid molecules from glycolysis, breaks them down producing CO2 and high energy electrons netting 2 ATP in the process. The electrons released during the Krebs cycle are brought to the Electron Transport Chain by electron carrying molecules NADH and FADH. The ETC nets 32 ATP per molecule of Glucose that starts off Cellular Respiration The total production of ATP in Aerobic Respiration is 38 ATP, 2 are used up so 36 net.

Anaerobic Respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen Fewer ATP are produced – net ATP is 2 2 types Lactic acid fermentation Alcoholic fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation Enzymes break down a glucose molecule into two lactic acid molecules, transferring energy to ATP C 6 H 12 O 6 + 4ADP + 4P i  lactic acid + 4ATP This process causesa burning sensation in muscle fatigue

Lactic Acid Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation Enzymes break down a glucose molecule into two molecules of ethanol and two molecules of CO 2, transferring energy to ATP C 6 H 12 O 6 + 4ADP + 4P i  2 ethanol + 2 CO 2 + 4ATP This process is used… to produce alcohol in gasoline additives baking

Alcoholic Fermentation

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration