The Age of Jackson Chapter 8 Section 5

The rise of Jackson signaled several changes in American politics. One was growing power of the West.

Another change was the start of a new era in American democracy.

Jackson’s support came from thousands of new, less- wealthy voters.

Patronage-newly elected officials had given government jobs to friends and supporters.

Spoils System- the spoils, or loot taken form a conquered enemy, were jobs for party supporters.

He used his veto power to restrict federal activity as much as possible, rejecting more acts of Congress that the six previous Pres. Combined.

Tariff of a heavy tax on imports designed to discourage foreign imports and encourage American manufacturing.

In Jan. 1830, Senators Hayne of S. C. and Webster of Mass. Engaged in a debate that quickly leapt to the broader question of the fate of the Union.

The state threatened to secede, or withdraw, from the Union if its nullification were not respected.

South Carolina’s defiance enraged the President and in 1833 Congress passed the Force Bill.

In the 1820s, wealthy plantation owners were buying up much of the best cotton-farming land in the South.

The Cherokees, the Creek, and the Chickasaw practiced farming and led a settled lifestyle.

In 1830 he encouraged Congress’s passage of the Indian Removal Act, Which authorized him to give N. A. land in parts of the Louisiana Purchase in Exchange for lands taken from them in the East.

In 1821, a Cherokee named Sequoyah devised a writing system using symbols to represent syllables.

In 1829, gold was found on Cherokee land in western Georgia.

Worcester v. Georgia- Chief Justice Marshall ruled that Georgia had no authority over Cherokee territory.

Trail of Tears-Indians began a 116 day forced march westward.

One out of four Cherokees died of cold or disease, as troops refused to let them rest.

Like many Americans, Jackson believed the Bank of the U.S. was a “monster.”

The next Pres. Martin Van Buren, whom Jackson had supported as a candidate, was not as popular as the general.

Panic of 1837, which occurred during Van Buren’s first year in office and another panic in 1839.

Harrison defeated Pres. Van Buren only to be defeated himself by illness.