1. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson Analyze the movement toward greater democracy and its impact. Describe the personal and political qualities of Andrew Jackson. Summarize the causes and effects of the removal of Native Americans in the early 1800s. Objectives

2. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson What changes did Andrew Jackson represent in American political life? In 1824, a new political party emerged, signaling a shift in American culture. The nation’s concept of democracy was changing. The era became known for one towering and controversial figure: Andrew Jackson.

3. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson When Adams named Clay to be Secretary of State, Jackson angrily called it a “corrupt bargain” and started preparing early to defeat Adams in 1828. Jackson received the most popular votes, but no candidate won a majority in the electoral college. In the House of Representatives, Adams was selected after Clay threw his support behind Adams. ELECTION OF 1824

4. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson Jackson symbolized the rise of new democratic ideals uniting city workers, western settlers, and southern farmers against privileged “aristocrats.” This combination came to be known as “Jacksonian Democracy.” Andrew Jackson won the Presidency in 1828.

5. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson Under Martin Van Buren his campaign was the first to be run in a disciplined and professional fashion. Opponents were replaced in government jobs by supporters, using what critics called “the spoils system.” Jackson promised a weak federal government but was ruthless against anyone who challenged his decisions. Jackson’s followers called themselves “Democrats.”

6. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson Most states became more democratic in the Jacksonian era. By 1836, every state except South Carolina selected electors for the President based on popular vote. Increasingly, popular elections replaced caucuses for selecting state and local officials. New state constitutions dropped property qualifications for voting. Participation in elections among white males rose from less than 30% in the 1800s to nearly 80% in 1840.

7. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson New state constitutions expanded democracy by including non-property owning workers. Non-whites and women were still restricted. Loopholes that had allowed woman property holders to vote in New Jersey were closed. Free Blacks lost the right to vote in most states even if they owned property. Native Americans were not considered citizens and were not permitted to vote.

8. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson In the Southeast, the “five civilized tribes” adopted White American culture. They ran newspapers, schools and churches and elected officials under republican constitutions. Settlers wanted Native land. Many believed Indians to be inferior. Conflict arose between Native Americans and whites

9. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson With Jackson’s urging, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act of 1830. In 1832, Chief Justice Marshall ruled that the seizure of native lands was unconstitutional. Jackson defied the ruling. “Justice Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it.” Jackson supported Southerners and Westerners over Native Americans.

10. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson The five civilized tribes were removed from their lands in the East and sent to “Indian Territory” in Oklahoma.

11. Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Chapter 13 Section 1 Technology and Industrial Growth Chapter 25 Section 1 The Cold War Begins Section 4 Democracy and the Age of Jackson In 1838, federal troops made 16,000 Cherokee move from the Southeast to Oklahoma. At least 4,000 people died on the Trail of Tears.